The community health nurse is developing a primary prevention program for children. Which intervention would the nurse promote?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Immunizations according to recommended schedules. This is the most appropriate primary prevention intervention for children as immunizations help prevent the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases. Immunizations are a cost-effective strategy to protect children and the community from serious illnesses. Regular vision screenings (B) are important for early detection of vision problems but are not considered primary prevention. Speech therapy (C) for children with developmental delays focuses on treatment rather than prevention. Medical care for health problems (D) is considered secondary or tertiary prevention, addressing health issues after they have already occurred.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Chronic health conditions are significant risk factors for older adults as they can impact their overall health and quality of life. The presence of chronic conditions can increase the risk of complications, hospitalizations, and functional decline. Educating families about these conditions can help them understand the importance of managing them effectively. Choice A is too broad and does not specifically address health risks. Choice B, physical activity, is important but not as directly related to health risks as chronic conditions. Choice C, visits from family and friends, may have a social impact but does not directly address health risks. In summary, chronic health conditions are the most relevant risk factor to address in educating families about older adults' health.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitoring glucose levels. This is essential for clients with diabetes to maintain optimal blood sugar control. Monitoring carbohydrate intake is also important for managing blood sugar levels. Monitoring body rashes and bowel habits are not directly related to diabetes management. Glucose monitoring helps clients make informed decisions about diet, medication, and lifestyle modifications to prevent complications. Monitoring other factors may be important for overall health but are not specific to diabetes management.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because healthcare policy aims to address the healthcare needs of the population, including those who require tertiary care and are marginalized. The nurse should explain that healthcare policy is designed to ensure access to quality care for all individuals, regardless of their location or socioeconomic status. Choice B is incorrect as healthcare policy is meant to benefit all individuals. Choice C is irrelevant as HIPAA relates to patient privacy, not healthcare policy. Choice D is incorrect as healthcare policy is focused on improving patient care and access rather than protecting doctors.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reduction of microbial contamination of foods. This is a significant public health achievement as it directly addresses the safety of food consumed by the public, reducing the risk of foodborne illnesses. By implementing measures to reduce microbial contamination, such as proper food handling, sanitation practices, and food safety regulations, the likelihood of foodborne diseases is minimized, leading to a healthier population. Choice A: Healthier food options in schools, while beneficial, focuses on improving nutritional quality rather than directly addressing food safety concerns related to microbial contamination. Choice B: Eliminating junk food in cities aims at reducing the consumption of unhealthy foods but does not specifically target the safety of food in terms of microbial contamination. Thus, choice C is the most appropriate option as it directly addresses the issue of food safety and its impact on public health.