The community health nurse is conducting a health screening of an immigrant family. Which finding is an indication of the need for T-Spot testing instead of Mantoux TST testing?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Prior BCG vaccination can cause false-positive results in Mantoux TST testing. Step 2: T-Spot testing is unaffected by prior BCG vaccination, making it more reliable in this case. Step 3: Choosing T-Spot over Mantoux will provide a more accurate assessment of TB infection. Step 4: Therefore, the correct answer is A. Summary of other choices: B: Age of family member is not a factor in choosing between T-Spot and Mantoux. C: Symptoms indicate active TB, which would require further diagnostic testing, not just T-Spot. D: Negative chest X-ray and sputum tests suggest no active TB, but doesn't impact choice of T-Spot over Mantoux.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Evaluating the number of clients presenting with similar diseases. As a nurse epidemiologist, the nurse's main role is to analyze and interpret data related to disease patterns in populations. By evaluating the number of clients with similar diseases, the nurse can identify trends, risk factors, and potential outbreaks. This activity helps in disease surveillance and prevention efforts. Explanation for other choices: A: Eliciting health history - This task is more aligned with a clinical nurse's role in assessing individual patients, not with an epidemiologist's population-level focus. C: Performing a physical examination - Similar to eliciting health history, physical examinations are more related to individual patient care rather than population-based analysis. D: C M - Incorrect choice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Statement A summarizes the findings by highlighting the key information about the STI prevalence among young women at the university. 2. It accurately presents the data - 1000 out of 10,000 young women tested positive for an STI, providing a clear summary of the situation. 3. It focuses on the main point of the data, which is the prevalence of STIs among the specified group. 4. Option B talks about the proportion of gonorrhea cases, which is not the main focus of the question. Options C and D are incomplete and do not provide a clear summary of the findings.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Prevalence. Prevalence refers to the proportion of individuals in a population with a specific condition at a given point in time. In this case, the percentage of young women with STI is a measure of prevalence, as it represents the existing cases within the population. It does not indicate the rate of new cases (incidence), the spread of a disease throughout a population (epidemic), or the likelihood of developing a disease (risk). Prevalence captures the burden of the disease in the population at a specific time point.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Infant mortality rate. This statistic is used to compare the success of health care systems as it reflects the number of deaths of infants under one year old per 1,000 live births. A lower infant mortality rate indicates better access to healthcare and overall health outcomes for both mothers and infants. A: Attack rate is used to measure the frequency of new cases of a disease in a population during a specific period, not directly related to health care system comparison. C: Proportionate mortality ratio compares the proportion of deaths from a specific cause to all deaths, not specifically related to health care system success comparison. D: Cause-specific mortality rate measures the number of deaths from a specific cause per population, not directly related to the overall success of health care systems.