ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The common bile duct is formed by the merger of the hepatic and _____ ducts.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: cystic. The common bile duct is formed by the merger of the hepatic duct from the liver and the cystic duct from the gallbladder. The cystic duct carries bile from the gallbladder to the common bile duct, which then transports bile to the small intestine. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the common bile duct is not formed by the merger of the common hepatic, pancreatic, or Santorini ducts. Each of these ducts serves a different function in the digestive system.
Question 2 of 5
The disease caused due to deficiency of nicotinic acid is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: pellagra. Pellagra is caused by a deficiency of nicotinic acid (niacin), which is a type of vitamin B3. Nicotinic acid is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats. Symptoms of pellagra include dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and eventually death if left untreated. Rationale: 1. Anaemia (Choice A) is not caused by a deficiency of nicotinic acid. 2. Osteomalacia (Choice B) is caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, not nicotinic acid. 3. Xerophthalmia (Choice C) is caused by a deficiency of vitamin A, not nicotinic acid. In summary, pellagra is the correct answer because it directly relates to the deficiency of nicotinic acid, while the other choices are caused by deficiencies of different vitamins.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a history of ulcerative colitis and a new diagnosis of anemia. Which of the following manifestations of colitis should the nurse identify as a contributing factor to the development of the anemia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chronic blood loss. In ulcerative colitis, inflammation and ulcers in the colon can lead to chronic blood loss, resulting in anemia due to decreased red blood cell production. The inflamed colon may bleed continuously or intermittently, leading to a gradual decrease in hemoglobin levels. Dietary iron restrictions (choice A) may contribute to anemia, but chronic blood loss is the primary factor in this case. Intestinal malabsorption syndrome (choice B) may affect nutrient absorption but is not the main cause of anemia in this scenario. Intestinal parasites (choice D) can cause anemia through blood loss or nutrient depletion, but in this case, chronic blood loss from colitis is the most likely culprit.
Question 4 of 5
Claire, a 33 y.o. is on your floor with a possible bowel obstruction. Which intervention is a priority for her?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Measure abdominal girth. In a possible bowel obstruction, measuring abdominal girth is crucial to monitor for signs of bowel distension, which can indicate worsening obstruction. This intervention helps in assessing the progression of the condition and can guide further management decisions. Obtaining daily weights (A) may be important for fluid balance but is not as immediate in this situation. Keeping strict intake and output (C) and encouraging fluid intake (D) are important but not the priority when addressing a possible bowel obstruction.
Question 5 of 5
The secretions that lubricate the food so it moves easily through the digestive tract and also protects the epithelium are called
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: mucus. Mucus is a viscous substance secreted by mucous membranes that lubricates food, aiding its movement through the digestive tract. It also protects the epithelium by forming a barrier against harmful substances. Water (B) primarily aids in digestion and is not a secretion itself. Enzymes (C) are proteins that help break down food but do not provide lubrication. Hormones (D) are chemical messengers that regulate bodily functions but do not directly aid in food lubrication or protection.