The colonic microflora can be considered as 'an organ within an organ'. Which of the following statements best describes the functions of the microbiota?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the colonic microbiota performs multiple essential functions such as aiding in digestion, producing vitamins, regulating immune function, and maintaining gut barrier integrity. Option A is incorrect as it focuses on dietary fiber intake rather than the microbiota's functions. Option C is incorrect because while acetate, propionate, and butyrate are important organic acids produced, they are not the only ones. Option D is incorrect as the microbiota's establishment of an 'acetate buffer' does not necessarily suppress the growth of all pathogenic bacteria.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Resveratrol can mimic the effects of caloric restriction in worms, yeast, and flies. This is true because resveratrol, a compound found in red wine, has been shown to activate certain proteins and enzymes that are also activated during caloric restriction, leading to improved health and longevity in these organisms. A is incorrect because caloric restriction typically leads to decreased insulin signaling, not stimulation. C is incorrect because while CR has been shown to increase lifespan in various animal models, there is limited evidence to support its effects on human lifespan. D is incorrect because not all statements are true - only B is supported by scientific evidence.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.