ATI RN
Questions About The Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The collecting ducts in the kidney:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Collecting ducts set urine osmolality ADH aquaporins adjust (e.g., 50-1200 mOsm). Water secretion is false reabsorbed. Most reabsorption is PCT (~65%) not collecting. ADH increases permeability opposite. Osmolality control distinguishes it, critical for concentration, unlike secretion or misattributed roles.
Question 2 of 5
Micturition matches with:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Micturition is the act of passing urine e.g., bladder emptying reflex. Vasa recta is capillaries not action. Zona glomerulosa secretes aldosterone not voiding. Macula densa is JGA not urination. Voiding process distinguishes it, critical for excretion, unlike structures or secretions.
Question 3 of 5
In replying to a patient's questions about the seriousness of her chronic kidney disease, the nurse knows that the stage of chronic kidney disease is based on
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic kidney disease staging relies on glomerular filtration rate (GFR), reflecting filtration capacity not urine output (variable), creatinine/urea (indicators, not staging), or mental status (symptom). This distinguishes GFR's diagnostic primacy, critical for CKD progression tracking, contrasting with secondary markers.
Question 4 of 5
A patient returns from her initial hemodialysis treatment with nausea, confusion, twitching and jerking. The pathophysiologic mechanism of dialysis responsible for these manifestations is a
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Disequilibrium syndrome from rapid solute removal creates a brain osmotic gradient, causing edema and neurological symptoms not heparin (bleeding), volume loss (hypotension), or sodium (electrolyte). This distinguishes dialysis complications, key for patient monitoring, contrasting with fluid dynamics.
Question 5 of 5
Distal convoluted tubules show:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Distal convoluted tubules (DCT) lack a brush border (proximal feature), have indistinct boundaries due to fewer microvilli, and show basal striations not wide diameter. This distinguishes DCT histology, key for reabsorption/secretion roles, contrasting with proximal traits.