ATI RN
Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The clinic nurse is reviewing strategies for blood glucose monitoring with a client who is newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. When helping the client select a blood glucose meter, which client assessments should the nurse complete?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context of pediatric cardiovascular nursing and pharmacology, the correct answer to the question is option A) Manual dexterity and visual acuity. When selecting a blood glucose meter for a client with diabetes mellitus, it is crucial to assess the client's ability to perform the necessary tasks of using the meter accurately. Manual dexterity is important as the client needs to be able to handle the device, insert test strips, and operate the meter effectively. Visual acuity is also essential for reading the results correctly. Option B) Capillary refill time and radial pulse volume, Option C) Deep tendon reflexes and skin color, and Option D) Skin elasticity and hand grip strength are all unrelated to blood glucose monitoring and the selection of a blood glucose meter for a client with diabetes mellitus. These assessments are more relevant to cardiovascular and neurological assessments rather than glucose monitoring. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind selecting a blood glucose meter based on the client's manual dexterity and visual acuity is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients with diabetes mellitus. This knowledge helps nurses tailor their care to meet the specific needs of the individual patient, ensuring accurate monitoring of blood glucose levels and effective management of the condition. By focusing on the client's abilities and limitations, nurses can empower patients to take an active role in their diabetes care and promote better health outcomes.
Question 2 of 5
An older female client with long term type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is seen in the clinic for a routine health assessment. To determine if the client is experiencing any long-term complication of DM, which assessments should the nurse obtain?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, option B) Sensation in feet and legs is the correct assessment to determine if the client is experiencing long-term complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). This is crucial because diabetic neuropathy is a common long-term complication of diabetes that affects sensation in the extremities. Assessing sensation in the feet and legs helps identify peripheral neuropathy, which can lead to serious complications such as foot ulcers and amputations if not managed appropriately. Option A) Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) are important assessments to monitor kidney function in diabetes, but they are more related to renal complications rather than neurological complications like peripheral neuropathy. Option C) Skin condition of lower extremities is important for assessing for complications like diabetic ulcers or infections but does not specifically target neurological complications like peripheral neuropathy. Option D) Visual acuity is important for monitoring complications related to the eyes in diabetes (diabetic retinopathy), which is a common long-term complication, but it is not directly related to assessing for peripheral neuropathy. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses caring for diabetic patients, especially those with long-term type 2 diabetes, to be vigilant in assessing for complications early to prevent further deterioration of health. Understanding the specific assessments required for different complications of diabetes aids in providing comprehensive care and improving patient outcomes.
Question 3 of 5
A client who suffered an electrical injury with the entrance site on the left hand and the exit site on the left foot is admitted to the burn unit. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to include in this client plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the most important intervention for the nurse to include in the client's plan of care is continuous cardiac monitoring (option A). Electrical injuries can cause cardiac arrhythmias and monitoring the client's heart rhythm is crucial to detect any abnormalities early on. Option B, performing passive range of motion, is not the priority in this situation as cardiac monitoring takes precedence due to the potential life-threatening complications of electrical injuries on the heart. Option C, evaluating the level of consciousness, is important but not as critical as continuous cardiac monitoring in this context. Changes in consciousness can be secondary to cardiac issues and would be detected through cardiac monitoring. Option D, assessing lung sounds q4 hours, is also important but not as urgent as continuous cardiac monitoring. While respiratory complications can occur in burn patients, cardiac monitoring is a higher priority in this case. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of recognizing the potential complications of electrical injuries, prioritizing interventions based on the client's condition, and understanding the critical role of continuous cardiac monitoring in such cases.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is teaching the importance of an exercise regime that includes walking daily for a group of clients with asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema at a pulmonary rehabilitation clinic. Which rationale should the nurse include when motivating the clients?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) Daily exercise and walking enhances cardiovascular fitness. This option is the most appropriate because regular physical activity, such as walking, has been shown to improve cardiovascular health by strengthening the heart, improving circulation, and increasing overall fitness levels. In the context of clients with asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema, enhancing cardiovascular fitness can lead to better endurance, reduced shortness of breath, and improved quality of life. Option B) Exercise eliminates the need for bronchodilator medications is incorrect because while exercise can improve respiratory function and overall health, it is not a replacement for essential medications like bronchodilators that help manage symptoms in clients with respiratory conditions. Option C) Walking daily reverses lung damage caused by chronic conditions is incorrect because while exercise can improve lung function and overall health, it cannot reverse existing structural damage caused by chronic conditions like asthma, chronic bronchitis, or emphysema. Option D) Physical activity increases mucus production to clear airways is incorrect because while staying active can help mobilize mucus and improve airway clearance in some cases, it does not directly increase mucus production and may not be suitable for all individuals with respiratory conditions, as increased mucus production can exacerbate symptoms in certain cases. In an educational context, it is crucial for nurses to provide evidence-based information to clients with respiratory conditions to empower them to make informed decisions about their health. Encouraging regular exercise, like walking, as part of a comprehensive management plan can have numerous benefits for cardiovascular health and overall well-being in individuals with asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema.
Question 5 of 5
An older adult man recently diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is admitted with shortness of breath. The nurse observes the client sitting upright and leaning over the bedside table, using accessory muscles to assist in breathing. What action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct action for the nurse to take is option D: Instruct the client in pursed lip breathing techniques. This is the most appropriate intervention for a patient with COPD experiencing shortness of breath. Pursed lip breathing can help improve gas exchange and decrease the work of breathing in COPD patients. By teaching the client this technique, the nurse empowers the individual to better manage their respiratory distress. Option A is incorrect because simply moving the client to a high Fowler's position may not address the underlying issue of ineffective breathing. Option B, observing for a barrel chest, is not the priority intervention in this acute situation. Option C, preparing to transfer to a critical care unit, is premature without first implementing non-invasive interventions like pursed lip breathing techniques. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind interventions in respiratory conditions like COPD is crucial for nurses caring for these patients. Teaching patients effective breathing techniques empowers them in self-management and can improve outcomes and quality of life. Nurses must be adept at recognizing respiratory distress and implementing appropriate interventions promptly.