ATI RN
Pediatric HESI Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client with trigeminal neuralgia tells the nurse that acetaminophen (Tylenol) is taken daily for the relief of generalized discomfort. Which laboratory value would indicate toxicity associated with the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acetaminophen toxicity can lead to hepatic injury, resulting in elevated liver enzymes, including bilirubin levels. Direct bilirubin is a specific marker for liver function and is typically elevated in cases of acetaminophen overdose or toxicity. Therefore, a direct bilirubin level of 2 mg/dl would indicate toxicity associated with acetaminophen use. Monitoring liver function tests, including bilirubin levels, is crucial when using acetaminophen long-term to prevent toxicity and liver damage.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following types of hearing loss does the nurse understand is most improved with the use of a hearing aid?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sensorineural hearing loss occurs when there is damage to the inner ear (cochlea) or the auditory nerve. This type of hearing loss is most commonly associated with aging or prolonged exposure to loud noises. Sensorineural hearing loss is typically permanent and cannot be medically or surgically corrected; however, it can be effectively managed with hearing aids. A hearing aid can amplify sound and help individuals with sensorineural hearing loss improve their ability to hear and communicate effectively. Conductive and mixed hearing losses may benefit from other interventions such as surgical procedures, while central hearing loss is related to the processing of sound in the brain and is not effectively managed by hearing aids.
Question 3 of 5
A client with hypothyroidism (myxedema) is receiving levothyroxine (Synthroid), 25 mcg PO daily. Which finding should the nurse recognize as an adverse effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Levothyroxine is a synthetic form of thyroid hormone used to treat hypothyroidism. An adverse effect of levothyroxine therapy is the development of tachycardia, which is an abnormally rapid heart rate. This is due to the increased metabolic rate resulting from the thyroid hormone replacement. Dysuria (painful urination), leg cramps, and blurred vision are not typically associated with levothyroxine therapy for hypothyroidism.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who had a thyroidectomy and is at risk for hypocalcemia. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should observe for muscle twitching and numbness or tingling of the lips, fingers, and toes in a client who had a thyroidectomy and is at risk for hypocalcemia. Hypocalcemia is a potential complication following thyroidectomy because the parathyroid glands may be inadvertently removed or damaged during the surgery, leading to decreased calcium levels in the blood. Symptoms of hypocalcemia include muscle twitching (especially in the face), and numbness or tingling around the lips, fingers, and toes. Prompt recognition of these symptoms is crucial as severe hypocalcemia can lead to more serious complications, such as seizures and laryngospasm. Monitoring for these signs allows the nurse to intervene early and prevent further complications.
Question 5 of 5
A patient was diagnosed with hiatal hernia. She frequently has regurgitation and a sour taste on his mouth especially after eating large meals. Which action by the client shows understanding of her treatment regimen?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hiatal hernia is a condition where a part of the stomach pushes up through the diaphragm muscle. Symptoms often include regurgitation of stomach acid into the esophagus, leading to heartburn and a sour taste in the mouth. Avoiding triggers like caffeine, alcohol, and chocolate can help reduce acid reflux and alleviate symptoms. These substances can relax the lower esophageal sphincter and increase stomach acid production, worsening symptoms in patients with hiatal hernia. Therefore, avoiding caffeine, alcohol, and chocolate is a key aspect of managing hiatal hernia symptoms effectively. The other options provided do not directly address the underlying cause of the symptoms experienced by the patient with hiatal hernia.