The client with rheumatoid arthritis is having her rheumatoid factor (RF) drawn while she is having a flare-up of the disease. Which result is seen in clients with rheumatoid arthritis?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of rheumatoid arthritis, a positive rheumatoid factor (RF) is typically seen in clients experiencing a flare-up of the disease. The presence of RF indicates the production of autoantibodies against the individual's own healthy tissues, which is a hallmark characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis. This autoimmune response leads to inflammation, joint damage, and other symptoms associated with the condition. Option A, stating that the factor does not change, is incorrect because in active rheumatoid arthritis, there is often an increase in RF levels due to the heightened immune response. Option B, suggesting a decreased level of rheumatoid arthritis, is incorrect as RF levels are not expected to decrease during a flare-up. Option D, a negative rheumatoid factor, is also incorrect as a negative RF result is not typically associated with rheumatoid arthritis. From an educational standpoint, understanding the significance of rheumatoid factor in the diagnosis and monitoring of rheumatoid arthritis is crucial for healthcare providers involved in the care of patients with this condition. Recognizing the relationship between RF levels and disease activity can help guide treatment decisions and improve patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, option B, "I will shower every day in hot water," indicates a need for further teaching about preventing dry skin. Hot water can actually strip the skin of its natural oils, leading to further dryness and exacerbating xerosis. Option A, "I will drink at least 3000 mL of water daily," is a good practice as adequate hydration is important for skin health. Option C, "I will avoid tight belts," is relevant as tight clothing can exacerbate dry skin by restricting airflow. Option D, "I will use a humidifier during the winter months," is also a good strategy as it helps to add moisture to the air, preventing dry skin. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding the impact of daily habits on skin health. It emphasizes the need for proper skin care practices to prevent dryness and itching, underscoring the significance of gentle skincare routines and avoiding triggers that can worsen skin conditions. Students can learn how to educate clients on effective strategies for maintaining healthy skin and preventing common skin issues like xerosis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Use a bath sponge to cleanse the skin. This is not appropriate client education for preventing the spread of MRSA because bath sponges can harbor bacteria and spread infections. Option A is correct as avoiding contact sports can prevent the spread of MRSA to others. Option C is also correct as hand hygiene is crucial in preventing the transmission of MRSA. Option D, using an antibacterial soap when showering, is also appropriate as it can help reduce the bacterial load on the skin. Educationally, it is important to emphasize the proper hygiene practices to prevent the spread of MRSA, such as proper handwashing, avoiding sharing personal items, and keeping wounds covered. Teaching patients about these measures is crucial in preventing the spread of MRSA in healthcare settings and the community. Patients should be encouraged to follow evidence-based practices to protect themselves and others from infections like MRSA.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option B: "The client has a vase of fresh flowers on the table." The presence of fresh flowers in a room with a client who has reduced immunity can pose a risk of introducing pathogens and allergens, which could potentially harm the client's health. As a result, this observation requires immediate action by the nurse to remove the flowers and ensure a safe environment for the client. Option A, "The client is in a private room," is not the correct answer because having the client in a private room can actually be beneficial for infection control by reducing exposure to pathogens from other patients. Option C, "The client has a dedicated vital signs machine," is not the correct answer as this equipment being dedicated to the client indicates good infection control practices and does not pose a risk to the client's health. Option D, "There is hand sanitizer by the door," is not the correct answer as having hand sanitizer readily available is a good infection control measure and does not indicate immediate risk to the client's health. From an educational perspective, this question highlights the importance of infection control practices in healthcare settings, especially when caring for clients with reduced immunity. Nurses must be vigilant in identifying potential sources of infection and taking appropriate actions to mitigate risks and ensure the safety of their clients.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Assess the wound for signs of dehiscence. This is the appropriate next action because the sudden increase in blood-tinged drainage and popping sensation could indicate a potential wound complication like dehiscence, where the wound edges separate. By assessing the wound, the nurse can gather crucial information about the extent of the issue and determine the appropriate course of action. Option A) Send the client back to surgery is incorrect as it is an extreme measure that should only be considered if there is a severe complication that requires immediate surgical intervention, which is not evident at this point. Option C) Call the provider immediately is not the first step as the nurse should first assess the wound to provide the provider with a detailed report of the situation. Option D) Prepare to culture the wound is premature as wound culture is not the initial step in managing this situation. Assessing the wound for signs of dehiscence and any other complications should come first to guide further interventions. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of prompt assessment and clinical judgment in post-operative care. Nurses need to be able to recognize signs of potential complications, prioritize actions based on assessment findings, and collaborate effectively with the healthcare team to provide optimal patient care.