ATI RN
Gastrointestinal System Nursing Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client with a new colostomy is concerned about the odor from stool from the ostomy drainage bag. The nurse teaches the client to include which of the following foods in the diet to reduce odor?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Yogurt. Yogurt contains probiotics that help maintain a healthy balance of gut bacteria, which can reduce the odor of stool in the ostomy drainage bag. Probiotics can also improve digestion and overall gut health. Broccoli (B) and eggs (D) can actually contribute to stronger odors due to their sulfur content. Cucumbers (C) are low in fiber and may not have a significant impact on stool odor.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is giving dietary instructions to a client who has a new colostomy. The nurse encourages the client to eat foods representing which of the following diets for the first 4 to 6 weeks postoperatively?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Low-residue. After colostomy surgery, the bowel needs time to heal. A low-residue diet helps reduce the amount of undigested food passing through the colon, easing digestion and minimizing strain on the stoma. This diet typically includes easily digestible foods like white bread, rice, pasta, and well-cooked vegetables. High-protein (choice A) and high-carbohydrate (choice B) diets can be harder to digest and may cause discomfort. A low-calorie diet (choice C) is not necessary during the initial postoperative period when the focus should be on promoting healing and comfort.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to discontinue a client's nasogastric tube. The client is positioned properly, and the tube has been flushed with 15 mL of air to clear secretions. Before removing the tube, the nurse makes which statement to the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because instructing the client to take a deep breath and slowly exhale while the tube is being removed helps relax the client's throat muscles, making the removal process smoother and less uncomfortable. Taking a deep breath and holding it (choice D) could lead to increased tension and resistance, while bearing down (choice B) may cause the client to push against the tube, making the removal difficult. Instructing the client to breathe normally (choice A) doesn't provide specific guidance on how to facilitate the removal process.
Question 4 of 5
The client with a colostomy has an order for irrigation of the colostomy. The nurse uses which solution for the irrigation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tap water. Tap water is used for colostomy irrigation as it is isotonic and won't disrupt electrolyte balance. Distilled water (A) can cause electrolyte imbalances. Sterile water (C) may not be necessary, and Lactated Ringer's (D) is not typically used for colostomy irrigation.
Question 5 of 5
A client is suspected of having hepatitis. Which diagnostic test results will assist in confirming this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Elevated serum bilirubin. Hepatitis is characterized by liver inflammation, which can lead to impaired bilirubin metabolism and increased levels in the blood. Elevated serum bilirubin is a common finding in hepatitis. Decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Choice A) is not specific to hepatitis. Elevated hemoglobin (Choice C) and elevated blood urea nitrogen (Choice D) are not typically associated with hepatitis and are more indicative of other conditions. In summary, elevated serum bilirubin is a key diagnostic marker for confirming a diagnosis of hepatitis.