ATI RN
Pharmacology ATI Final Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client receives nystatin (Nilstat) for a fungal infection in the mouth. The nurse plans to do medication education prior to discharge. What will the best plan by the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nystatin treats oral thrush by direct mucosal contact, requiring the tablet to dissolve in the mouth for prolonged exposure before swallowing. This maximizes antifungal action against Candida. Using a straw might apply to suspensions but isn't standard for discoloration prevention, which isn't a primary issue. Crushing and mixing with juice reduces contact time, decreasing efficacy. Swallowing whole bypasses the infection site, rendering it ineffective. The nurse's best plan educates on dissolving the tablet, aligning with nystatin's topical mechanism, ensuring treatment success and preventing recurrence, making A the optimal instruction.
Question 2 of 5
The following are subject to extensive presystemic (first-pass) metabolism:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following contributes most to the debilitation of an individual during a course of chemotherapy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pain is a significant contributor to the debilitation of an individual during a course of chemotherapy. The side effects of chemotherapy often include pain, which can be caused by treatment procedures, side effects of medication, or the cancer itself. Pain can lead to decreased mobility, appetite, and overall quality of life, impacting the individual's ability to cope with treatment and recovery. Managing pain effectively is crucial in improving the patient's comfort and overall well-being during chemotherapy. While diarrhea, alopecia, and constipation are common side effects of chemotherapy, they do not typically contribute as significantly to the debilitation of an individual compared to pain.
Question 4 of 5
When the nurse is administering topical nitroglycerin ointment, which technique is correct?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct technique when administering topical nitroglycerin ointment is to remove the old ointment before applying new ointment. This is important to prevent an accumulation of the medication on the skin, which can lead to an overdose. It is crucial to follow the prescribed instructions for applying topical medications to ensure safe and effective administration.
Question 5 of 5
When assessing a patient who is receiving a loop diuretic, the nurse looks for the manifestations of potassium deficiency, which would include what symptoms? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this question, the correct answer is D) Muscle weakness. When a patient is receiving a loop diuretic, such as furosemide, they are at risk for potassium deficiency (hypokalemia) due to increased urinary excretion of potassium. Muscle weakness is a common symptom of hypokalemia because potassium plays a crucial role in muscle function, including maintaining proper muscle contraction. Option A) Dyspnea is not typically associated with potassium deficiency. Dyspnea is more commonly seen in conditions like heart failure or respiratory disorders. Option B) Constipation is more often associated with conditions like bowel obstruction, irritable bowel syndrome, or a side effect of certain medications, rather than potassium deficiency. Option C) Tinnitus is a symptom more commonly associated with toxicity from medications like aspirin or loop diuretics themselves, rather than potassium deficiency. Educationally, it is important for nurses to understand the potential side effects and manifestations of electrolyte imbalances in patients taking diuretics to provide safe and effective care. Recognizing the signs and symptoms of potassium deficiency can help nurses intervene promptly to prevent complications in patients receiving loop diuretics.