The client receives diphenhydramine (Benadryl) to control allergic symptoms. Which common symptom does the nurse teach the client to report to the physician?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Diphenhydramine, a first-generation antihistamine, has anticholinergic effects, including urinary hesitancy , due to reduced bladder contractility. This can escalate to retention, a serious issue, especially in older adults or those with prostate issues, warranting physician reporting. Sedation is expected and manageable, not typically reported unless severe. Diarrhea isn't common; constipation is more likely. Projectile vomiting suggests a different pathology, not a typical antihistamine effect. The nurse teaches reporting urinary hesitancy as it's a significant anticholinergic complication requiring intervention, making choice D the priority symptom to monitor.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Theophylline, a bronchodilator, treats COPD but has a narrow therapeutic range (10-20 mcg/mL). Monitoring theophylline levels prevents toxicity (e.g., seizures, tachycardia) or subtherapeutic dosing, ensuring efficacy. Sodium , glucose , and platelets aren't directly impacted. Blood level checks align with theophylline's pharmacokinetics'hepatic metabolism, variable clearance'critical in COPD where respiratory support hinges on precision. This focus prevents adverse outcomes, making A the key value to monitor for safe, effective therapy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Mannitol works osmotically, increasing urine flow without binding to receptors. Others rely on receptor or enzyme-based actions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Fluvoxamine inhibits CYP450 enzymes. It is not an MAOI, has weak anticholinergic effects, and does not require weekly blood counts.