ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client is taking an ACE inhibitor. The nurse explains to the client that this drug acts how?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because ACE inhibitors block the conversion of renin to angiotensin II. This action helps dilate blood vessels, reduce blood pressure, and decrease sodium and water retention. Choice A is incorrect because calcium channel blockers, not ACE inhibitors, block calcium channels in blood vessels. Choice C is incorrect as ACE inhibitors do not have a direct positive inotropic effect on the heart. Choice D is incorrect because ACE inhibitors do not have a direct negative chronotropic effect on the heart.
Question 2 of 5
The client is being switched from warfarin to Pradaxa. What does the nurse look for as an indication to give the Pradaxa?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Give the Pradaxa 2 days after stopping the warfarin. This is because Pradaxa does not require INR monitoring like warfarin. By waiting 2 days after stopping warfarin, the risk of overlapping anticoagulant effects is minimized, reducing the risk of bleeding. A: When the INR has normalized - This is incorrect because Pradaxa does not require INR monitoring. B: When the warfarin is stopped, the Pradaxa can be given - This is not ideal as immediate switch may lead to overlapping anticoagulant effects. C: When the INR is less than 2, you can give the Pradaxa - INR level is not a consideration for starting Pradaxa.
Question 3 of 5
The client is experiencing a drug-drug interaction with streptokinase and another drug. Which other drug can cause a drug- drug interaction with streptokinase?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Streptokinase is a thrombolytic agent used to dissolve blood clots. Step 2: Heparin is an anticoagulant that also prevents blood clot formation. Step 3: Both streptokinase and heparin can increase the risk of bleeding when used together due to their similar mechanism of action. Step 4: This interaction can lead to excessive bleeding and must be carefully monitored. Step 5: Cimetidine, theophylline, and digoxin do not have a known significant drug-drug interaction with streptokinase. Summary: Choice C (Heparin) is the correct answer because it can potentially cause a drug-drug interaction with streptokinase by increasing the risk of bleeding. Choices A, B, and D do not have a significant interaction with streptokinase.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is educating a client who has just been started on Zetia (exetimibe). What does the nurse say to educate the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because Zetia (ezetimibe) should be taken at least 2 hours before or 4 hours after a bile acid sequestrant to avoid interactions that may decrease its absorption. Choice A is incorrect as Zetia can be taken with or without food. Choice C is incorrect as there is no specific restriction on taking Zetia with milk. Choice D is incorrect as Zetia can be taken with a statin drug, but the dosing schedule should be adjusted if taken with a bile acid sequestrant.
Question 5 of 5
The client is having a standard electrocardiogram. The nurse knows that the QT segment represents what?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The total time for ventricular depolarization and repolarization. The QT segment on an electrocardiogram represents the time it takes for both ventricular depolarization (Q wave) and repolarization (T wave) to occur. This segment is important for assessing the risk of arrhythmias, as abnormalities in the QT interval can indicate potential cardiac issues. Choice A is incorrect because the QT segment does not represent atrial depolarization, which is typically seen in the P wave. Choice C is incorrect as it confuses the QT segment with atrial activity. Choice D is incorrect as it only mentions ventricular depolarization, while the QT segment encompasses both depolarization and repolarization of the ventricles.