The client is taking a medication that is an ADP receptor blocker for the prevention of ischemic stroke. What might this medication be?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Plavix. Plavix is an ADP receptor blocker that inhibits platelet aggregation, reducing the risk of blood clot formation and preventing ischemic stroke. Aspirin (A) is an antiplatelet agent but works through a different mechanism. Heparin (B) is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting thrombin and factor Xa, not through ADP receptor blocking. Warfarin (C) is a vitamin K antagonist that interferes with the synthesis of clotting factors, also not through ADP receptor blocking.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: The sympathetic nervous system. When the client experiences a sudden increase in heart rate and cardiac contractility, it indicates the activation of the sympathetic nervous system. This system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response, increasing heart rate and contractility to prepare the body for action. The parasympathetic nervous system (choice A) would have the opposite effect of slowing down the heart rate. The AV node (choice B) is a part of the heart's electrical system and is not directly responsible for increasing heart rate. The baroreceptors in the carotid sinus (choice C) help regulate blood pressure, not heart rate or contractility.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because in atrial fibrillation, the chaotic and irregular electrical activity in the atria results in the absence of distinct P waves on the ECG. This is due to the disorganized depolarization of the atria, leading to the absence of a clear, identifiable P wave. Therefore, the nurse can accurately state that the P wave is absent in the ECG of a client with atrial fibrillation. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect: A: It precedes a long PR interval - This statement is not accurate for atrial fibrillation as the irregular electrical activity disrupts the normal conduction pathway, leading to variable PR intervals. B: It falls on the previous T wave - This scenario would indicate an abnormality in the ECG, but it does not specifically relate to atrial fibrillation. D: It is peaked - While peaked P waves can indicate certain conditions like right atrial enlargement, this is not a characteristic finding in atr

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because during an exercise echocardiogram, the client typically exercises on a treadmill to stress the heart. This helps evaluate how the heart functions under physical exertion. After exercising, the client immediately undergoes an echocardiogram to assess the heart's response to stress. This test provides valuable information about heart function during activity. Choice A is incorrect because lying on the back is not part of the standard procedure for an exercise echocardiogram. Choice C is incorrect as lying on the right side is not a common position for this test. Choice D is incorrect because electrocardiographic monitoring is essential during an exercise echocardiogram to assess the heart's electrical activity throughout the test.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: participation in daily activities without chest pain. This is because the effectiveness of Nadolol in treating chronic stable angina and left ventricular dysfunction is indicated by the patient's ability to engage in daily activities without experiencing chest pain, which reflects improved myocardial oxygen supply. A: decreased blood pressure and heart rate is incorrect because Nadolol is a beta-blocker, which can lower blood pressure and heart rate as a side effect, but the primary goal is to reduce angina symptoms. B: fewer complaints of having cold hands and feet is incorrect as it is not a direct indicator of Nadolol's effectiveness in treating angina and left ventricular dysfunction. C: improvement in the strength of the distal pulses is incorrect as it may not directly correlate with the drug's effectiveness in managing angina and left ventricular dysfunction.