The client is taking a medication that is an ADP receptor blocker for the prevention of ischemic stroke. What might this medication be?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Plavix. Plavix is an ADP receptor blocker that inhibits platelet aggregation, reducing the risk of blood clots and stroke. Aspirin is a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, Heparin is an anticoagulant, and Warfarin is a vitamin K antagonist, all of which work through different mechanisms and are not ADP receptor blockers. Hence, Plavix is the most suitable option for preventing ischemic stroke in this scenario.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: The sympathetic nervous system. When the client experiences a sudden increase in heart rate and contractility, the sympathetic nervous system is likely activated. This is because the sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response, which increases heart rate and contractility to prepare the body for action. The other choices are incorrect because: A: The parasympathetic nervous system would have the opposite effect, slowing down heart rate and contractility. B: The AV node is a part of the heart's electrical conduction system, not directly involved in increasing heart rate and contractility. C: Baroreceptors in the carotid sinus are responsible for regulating blood pressure, not directly influencing heart rate and contractility.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: The P wave is absent. In atrial fibrillation, the atria are quivering and not contracting effectively, leading to the absence of distinct P waves on the ECG. This is due to the chaotic electrical activity in the atria. Rationale: A: The P wave does not precede a long PR interval in atrial fibrillation. Instead, the irregular electrical signals cause variable PR intervals. B: The P wave falling on the previous T wave is not a characteristic of atrial fibrillation. The T wave represents ventricular repolarization, whereas the P wave reflects atrial depolarization. D: The P wave being peaked is not relevant to atrial fibrillation. In this arrhythmia, the absence of distinct P waves is a key feature due to the erratic atrial activity.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. During an exercise echocardiogram, the client will indeed run on a treadmill to stress the heart and then have an echocardiogram while the heart is still elevated. This allows healthcare providers to assess the heart's function under stress. Choice A is incorrect as the client needs to be active during the test. Choice C is incorrect as lying on the right side is not a standard position for this procedure. Choice D is incorrect because electrocardiographic monitoring is typically used during this test to track the heart's electrical activity.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because monitoring the patient's ability to participate in daily activities without chest pain is a direct assessment of the effectiveness of Nadolol in managing chronic stable angina and left ventricular dysfunction. If the patient can engage in activities without experiencing chest pain, it indicates that the drug is effectively controlling angina symptoms. Option A is incorrect because Nadolol may not significantly decrease blood pressure and heart rate in this context. Option B is incorrect as cold hands and feet are not specific indicators of Nadolol's effectiveness for angina. Option C is also incorrect as improvement in distal pulses may not directly correlate with the drug's efficacy in managing angina symptoms.