ATI RN
Cardiovascular Physiology Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client is taking a calcium channel blocker for arrhythmias. What class of anti-arrhythmic agent is this?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Class IV. Calcium channel blockers, such as verapamil and diltiazem, are classified as Class IV anti-arrhythmic agents because they primarily act by blocking calcium channels in cardiac cells, leading to decreased conduction through the AV node and slowing of the heart rate. Class IA agents (choice A) work by blocking sodium channels, Class II agents (choice B) are beta-blockers, and Class III agents (choice C) prolong the action potential duration. Therefore, the correct answer is Class IV as calcium channel blockers specifically target calcium channels to treat arrhythmias.
Question 2 of 5
The client is given low molecular weight heparin at home. In teaching the client, the nurse explains that the drug works by doing what?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Inactivates clotting factor Xa. Low molecular weight heparin works by binding to antithrombin III, which in turn inactivates factor Xa, leading to inhibition of the coagulation cascade. This helps prevent the formation of blood clots. Choice A is incorrect because heparin does not act as an anti-platelet agent. Choice C is incorrect because heparin does not directly inactivate thrombin. Choice D is incorrect because heparin does not directly increase fibrinolysis.
Question 3 of 5
The client is taking a medication that is an ADP receptor blocker for the prevention of ischemic stroke. What might this medication be?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Plavix. Plavix is an ADP receptor blocker that inhibits platelet aggregation, reducing the risk of blood clots and stroke. Aspirin is a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, Heparin is an anticoagulant, and Warfarin is a vitamin K antagonist, all of which work through different mechanisms and are not ADP receptor blockers. Hence, Plavix is the most suitable option for preventing ischemic stroke in this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
The client is taking niacin for cholesterol reduction. What common adverse reaction should the nurse warn the client about?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Facial flushing. Niacin commonly causes vasodilation, leading to facial flushing. This is a well-known adverse reaction that can be distressing to clients. Dizziness (A), urinary retention (B), and constipation (C) are not typically associated with niacin use. It is important for the nurse to educate the client about this side effect to help manage expectations and promote adherence to the treatment plan.
Question 5 of 5
The client has a sudden increase in heart rate and cardiac contractility. What part of the client’s body is likely activated?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: The sympathetic nervous system. When the client experiences a sudden increase in heart rate and contractility, the sympathetic nervous system is likely activated. This is because the sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response, which increases heart rate and contractility to prepare the body for action. The other choices are incorrect because: A: The parasympathetic nervous system would have the opposite effect, slowing down heart rate and contractility. B: The AV node is a part of the heart's electrical conduction system, not directly involved in increasing heart rate and contractility. C: Baroreceptors in the carotid sinus are responsible for regulating blood pressure, not directly influencing heart rate and contractility.