ATI RN
Cardiovascular Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client is on hydrochlorothiazide and digoxin. What effect can the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hydrochlorothiazide decreases potassium, increasing the risk of digoxin toxicity. Rationale: 1. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that can cause potassium loss. 2. Digoxin is a medication that requires adequate potassium levels for proper function. 3. Low potassium levels can potentiate the toxicity of digoxin, leading to adverse effects. Summary: A: Incorrect, hydrochlorothiazide does not increase digoxin levels. B: Incorrect, hydrochlorothiazide's potassium-lowering effect can increase digoxin toxicity. D: Incorrect, digoxin does not affect the effectiveness of hydrochlorothiazide.
Question 2 of 5
The client is taking a class IB anti-arrhythmic drug. What drug might that be?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Class IB anti-arrhythmic drugs work by blocking sodium channels. 2. Procainamide is a Class IB anti-arrhythmic drug. 3. Lidocaine (A) is a Class IB anti-arrhythmic drug but more commonly used for acute arrhythmias. 4. Mexiletine (C) is a Class IB anti-arrhythmic drug but less commonly used. 5. Metoprolol (D) is a beta-blocker (Class II) used for other cardiac conditions. In summary, Procainamide is the correct choice as it belongs to the Class IB anti-arrhythmic drugs, while the other options are either less common in this class or belong to different drug classes.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is teaching the client about taking an ACE inhibitor. A typical side effect of an ACE inhibitor explained to the client is what?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cough. ACE inhibitors commonly cause a dry, persistent cough due to their effect on bradykinin levels. This side effect is important to educate the client about. Bradycardia (B) is not a typical side effect of ACE inhibitors. Hypokalemia (C) is a possible side effect due to increased potassium excretion but is less common than cough. Weight gain (D) is not associated with ACE inhibitors but may occur with other medications like corticosteroids. It's crucial to focus on the most common and relevant side effect when teaching clients.
Question 4 of 5
Priority nursing interventions when a client is on heparin include the following:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Monitor the IV site for extravasation. This is crucial because heparin is an anticoagulant medication that can cause bleeding if not administered properly. Monitoring the IV site helps prevent potential complications such as bleeding, hematoma, or tissue damage. Other choices are incorrect: A: Providing antacids for digestive upset is not a priority when a client is on heparin. C: Monitoring signs of acute blood loss is important, but the immediate concern is preventing complications related to heparin administration. D: Monitoring the respiratory rate is not directly related to heparin therapy and is not a priority intervention in this case.
Question 5 of 5
The client is experiencing a drug-drug reaction by taking aspirin with what other drug?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Heparin. Aspirin and Heparin can interact and increase the risk of bleeding due to their combined antiplatelet effects. This interaction can lead to serious complications in the client. Cimetidine (A) is not typically known to interact significantly with aspirin. Prednisone (B) is a corticosteroid and does not have a significant interaction with aspirin in terms of drug-drug reactions. Amoxicillin (D) is an antibiotic and is not known to interact significantly with aspirin in a drug-drug reaction scenario. In conclusion, the correct choice (C) stands out due to its potential for a significant adverse outcome when combined with aspirin.