ATI RN
Cardiovascular Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client is on hydrochlorothiazide and digoxin. What effect can the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that can cause hypokalemia. 2. Digoxin toxicity is more likely with low potassium levels. 3. Therefore, hydrochlorothiazide decreasing potassium levels can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity. Summary: A: Incorrect. Hydrochlorothiazide does not increase digoxin levels. B: Incorrect. Hydrochlorothiazide does not decrease digoxin levels. C: Correct. Hydrochlorothiazide can decrease potassium, increasing digoxin toxicity risk. D: Incorrect. Digoxin does not increase the effectiveness of hydrochlorothiazide.
Question 2 of 5
The client is taking a class IB anti-arrhythmic drug. What drug might that be?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Procainamide. Class IB anti-arrhythmic drugs, such as Procainamide, work by blocking sodium channels, leading to a decrease in conduction velocity and an increase in action potential duration. Lidocaine (choice A) is a Class IB drug but is primarily used for acute ventricular arrhythmias. Mexiletine (choice C) is a similar drug to Lidocaine but is not commonly used. Metoprolol (choice D) is a beta-blocker and belongs to a different class of anti-arrhythmic drugs. Hence, Procainamide is the most fitting choice among the options provided.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is teaching the client about taking an ACE inhibitor. A typical side effect of an ACE inhibitor explained to the client is what?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cough. ACE inhibitors can cause a dry, persistent cough due to increased levels of bradykinin. This effect is common and important for clients to be aware of. Bradycardia (B) is not a typical side effect of ACE inhibitors. Hypokalemia (C) can occur but is not a direct side effect. Weight gain (D) is not associated with ACE inhibitors. Therefore, A is the correct choice.
Question 4 of 5
Priority nursing interventions when a client is on heparin include the following:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Monitor the IV site for extravasation. This is crucial because heparin is an anticoagulant medication that can cause bleeding if it leaks into the surrounding tissue. By monitoring the IV site for extravasation, nurses can prevent potential complications such as tissue damage or excessive bleeding. Antacids for digestive upset (Choice A) are not directly related to heparin administration. Monitoring signs of acute blood loss (Choice C) is important but not a priority compared to preventing extravasation. Monitoring the respiratory rate (Choice D) is also important but not as directly related to heparin administration as monitoring the IV site for extravasation.
Question 5 of 5
The client is experiencing a drug-drug reaction by taking aspirin with what other drug?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Heparin. Aspirin and Heparin can interact leading to increased risk of bleeding due to both drugs affecting blood clotting mechanisms. Aspirin inhibits platelet aggregation while Heparin inhibits clotting factors. Choices A, B, and D do not have a significant drug-drug interaction with aspirin in terms of increased bleeding risk.