ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Exam Questions Pdf Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client is on furosemide (Lasix) and has a potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L. What is the nurse's priority action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause potassium loss. 2. Potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L indicates hypokalemia, which can lead to serious complications. 3. Priority is to address low potassium levels to prevent adverse effects like cardiac arrhythmias. 4. Administering potassium supplements helps to normalize potassium levels promptly. Summary: B: Holding furosemide without addressing low potassium can worsen the imbalance. C: Continuing the current dose without addressing low potassium can lead to further depletion. D: Decreasing furosemide dose before addressing low potassium can delay correcting the imbalance.
Question 2 of 5
The client on nitroglycerin patches reports dizziness when standing up. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct response is A: Advise the client to rise slowly to prevent dizziness. Nitroglycerin patches can cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness when standing up quickly. By advising the client to rise slowly, the nurse can help prevent a sudden drop in blood pressure and reduce the risk of dizziness and falls. This response promotes client safety and addresses the underlying cause of the symptom. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect: B: Instructing the client to discontinue nitroglycerin patches is not appropriate without consulting the healthcare provider. Abruptly stopping nitroglycerin can lead to serious complications. C: Encouraging the client to rest and avoid physical activity does not address the issue of orthostatic hypotension caused by nitroglycerin patches. D: Suggesting an over-the-counter antiemetic is not indicated for dizziness related to orthostatic hypotension. It does not address the underlying cause
Question 3 of 5
The client on warfarin has an INR of 4.5. What is the most appropriate action by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer vitamin K. When a client on warfarin has an INR of 4.5, it indicates over-anticoagulation, putting them at risk of bleeding. Vitamin K helps reverse the effects of warfarin by promoting clotting factors. Administering vitamin K will lower the INR back into the therapeutic range. Holding the next dose of warfarin (B) is not enough to rapidly reverse the effects. Increasing the dose of warfarin (C) would worsen the over-anticoagulation. Monitoring the INR closely (D) is important but not the immediate action needed for a high INR.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with chronic heart failure is treated with hydrochlorothiazide, digoxin, and lisinopril. To prevent the risk of digitalis toxicity with these drugs, it is most important that the nurse monitor the patient's
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
While completing a nursing admission history, you obtain this information about the patient's cardiovascular risk factors: patient's mother and two siblings have had myocardial infarctions. Patient smokes and has a 20 pack/year history of cigarette use. Her work as a mail carrier involves a lot of walking. She takes metoprolol (Lopressor) for hypertension and her blood pressure has been in the range of 130/60 to 140/85. Which interventions will be most important to include in the discharge plan? (Choose all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.