ATI RN
Med Surg Cardiovascular Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client is on dobutamine. Adverse effects 0f Dobutrex (dobutamine) include the following: Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Dobutamine is a beta-1 adrenergic agonist, leading to increased heart rate (tachycardia). 2. Bradycardia and heart failure are not common adverse effects of dobutamine. 3. Respiratory distress is not a typical adverse effect of dobutamine. 4. Therefore, choice C (Tachycardia) is the correct answer as it aligns with dobutamine's pharmacological effects.
Question 2 of 5
The client has paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. What is the drug of choice to treat this condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Adenosine. Adenosine is the drug of choice for treating paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) due to its ability to rapidly terminate the arrhythmia by blocking the AV node temporarily. It works by slowing down the conduction of electrical impulses in the heart. Flecainide (A) and Lidocaine (B) are antiarrhythmic drugs used for ventricular arrhythmias, not PSVT. Metoprolol (C) is a beta-blocker that can be used for long-term management of PSVT but is not the first-line choice for acute treatment.
Question 3 of 5
The client is being given nitroprusside to lower the blood pressure. The nurse explains to the client that the drug works how?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: It relaxes vascular smooth muscle. Nitroprusside is a vasodilator that works by directly relaxing the smooth muscle in blood vessels, leading to vasodilation and subsequently lowering blood pressure. This mechanism of action is essential in treating hypertension. Incorrect choices: A: It blocks conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II - This is not the mechanism of action of nitroprusside. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors work by inhibiting this conversion. B: It blocks the calcium channels in the blood vessels - This is the mechanism of action of calcium channel blockers, not nitroprusside. D: It blocks the sodium channels in the heart - This is not the mechanism of action of nitroprusside. Sodium channel blockers are used in antiarrhythmic medications.
Question 4 of 5
The client is to be given warfarin. What is a contraindication to giving this drug?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Thrombocytosis. Warfarin is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting clotting factors. Thrombocytosis, an elevated platelet count, increases the risk of clot formation, so giving warfarin can further increase the risk of bleeding. Mild thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) is a contraindication but not as severe as thrombocytosis. Lumbar puncture and history of eye surgery are not direct contraindications to warfarin use.
Question 5 of 5
The client is taking a glycoprotein IIB/IIIA receptor antagonist for the prevention of stroke. What drug is the client likely taking?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Abciximab. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists like abciximab are potent antiplatelet agents used for preventing thrombotic events like stroke. Abciximab specifically inhibits platelet aggregation by binding to the IIb/IIIa receptor. Plavix (A) and Ticlid (B) are antiplatelet drugs, but they work through different mechanisms and do not target the IIb/IIIa receptor. Aspirin (C) is also an antiplatelet agent, but it inhibits cyclooxygenase and is not a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist like abciximab.