ATI RN
Cardiovascular Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client is on an ADP receptor blocker for the prevention of recurrent myocardial infarction. What does the nurse expect when the client develops hemorrhaging and a low platelet count?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare but serious adverse effect associated with ADP receptor blockers, characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, fever, renal dysfunction, and neurological abnormalities. The development of hemorrhaging and low platelet count in this client suggests TTP, not a typical reaction to ADP receptor blockers (choice A), not necessarily due to concomitant aspirin use (choice B), and not necessarily indicative of taking too much of the medication (choice D). TTP requires immediate medical intervention to prevent serious complications.
Question 2 of 5
The client has been found to have a normal cardiac output. What value represents a normal cardiac output?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C (4 l/min) because a normal cardiac output typically ranges from 4 to 8 liters per minute in adults. This value ensures adequate blood circulation to meet the body's needs. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they fall outside the normal range and may indicate either insufficient or excessive cardiac output, which can lead to health issues.
Question 3 of 5
The client has atrial fibrillation. The treatment of choice to convert to normal sinus rhythm is what?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cardioversion. Cardioversion is the treatment of choice to convert atrial fibrillation to normal sinus rhythm quickly and effectively. It involves delivering an electric shock to the heart to restore its normal rhythm. Digoxin (choice A) is not used for acute conversion but for rate control. Metoprolol (choice C) and Verapamil (choice D) are used for rate control and not for rhythm conversion. Therefore, Cardioversion is the most appropriate choice in this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
When developing a teaching plan for a 61-yr-old patient with multiple risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD), the nurse should focus primarily on the
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level. Elevated LDL is a major risk factor for CAD, especially in older adults. Focusing on lowering LDL levels through lifestyle modifications or medications can help reduce the risk of CAD. Family history (A) is important but not modifiable. Gender (C) is a risk factor, but LDL level is more directly related to CAD risk. Aging (D) increases risk, but addressing specific risk factors like LDL level is crucial in prevention.
Question 5 of 5
Heparin is ordered for a patient with a non–ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). What is the purpose of the heparin?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Heparin prevents the development of new clots in the coronary arteries. Heparin is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting the formation of blood clots. In the case of NSTEMI, there is a risk of clot formation in the coronary arteries, which can worsen the condition. By preventing the development of new clots, heparin helps maintain blood flow to the heart muscle. Choice A is incorrect because heparin actually inhibits platelet aggregation, preventing clot formation. Choice B is incorrect as heparin does not directly affect the size of the plaque in the arteries. Choice D is incorrect because heparin does not actively dissolve existing blood clots, but rather prevents new clots from forming.