ATI RN
Cardiovascular Test Bank Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client is on a platelet inhibitor. Which of the following drugs is a platelet inhibitor?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aspirin is the correct answer as it inhibits platelet aggregation by irreversibly inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzyme. This prevents the formation of thromboxane A2, decreasing platelet activation. Pradaxa is a direct thrombin inhibitor, Heparin is an anticoagulant that inhibits thrombin and factor Xa, and Warfarin inhibits vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Therefore, only Aspirin directly targets platelet function.
Question 2 of 5
The client has hypertension. Which drug the client is taking has an effect on blood pressure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dyazide. Dyazide is a combination medication of hydrochlorothiazide and triamterene, which are diuretics that help lower blood pressure by reducing fluid retention and decreasing blood volume. Metformin is primarily used for diabetes, Digoxin for heart conditions, and Warfarin for blood clotting. Therefore, only Dyazide directly affects blood pressure by targeting fluid balance.
Question 3 of 5
What does this represent?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Regular sinus rhythm. This ECG tracing shows a normal sinus rhythm with regular P waves preceding each QRS complex. The P waves are upright and consistent in morphology, indicating they originate from the SA node. The QRS complexes are narrow and follow a consistent pattern, demonstrating normal conduction through the AV node and ventricles. Sinus tachycardia (choice A) would show an elevated heart rate, sinus bradycardia (choice C) would show a slower heart rate, and frequent PVCs (choice D) would display premature and abnormal beats unrelated to the sinus node.
Question 4 of 5
The client has several PVCs in a row on a standard EKG. What is this rhythm called?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ventricular tachycardia. This is because when several PVCs occur in a row on an EKG, it indicates an abnormal rhythm originating from the ventricles. Ventricular tachycardia is characterized by a rapid heart rate originating in the ventricles. A: Frequent PVCs is incorrect because it does not specify the specific rhythm pattern seen in the EKG. C: Atrial tachycardia is incorrect because the PVCs originate from the ventricles, not the atria. D: Supraventricular tachycardia is incorrect because it refers to rapid heart rhythms originating above the ventricles, typically in the atria or AV node.
Question 5 of 5
After the nurse teaches the patient about the use of carvedilol (Coreg) in preventing anginal episodes, which statement by a patient indicates that the teaching has been effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Carvedilol is a beta-blocker used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and prevent anginal episodes. Step 2: Suddenly stopping carvedilol can lead to rebound hypertension and worsening of heart condition. Step 3: Choice B indicates understanding of the importance of continuous use to prevent adverse effects. Step 4: Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the mechanism or effects of carvedilol. Summary: Choice B is correct as it demonstrates knowledge of the importance of not abruptly discontinuing carvedilol to avoid potential harm. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they provide inaccurate information regarding carvedilol's effects.