ATI RN
Cardiovascular Test Bank Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client is on a platelet inhibitor. Which of the following drugs is a platelet inhibitor?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Aspirin. Aspirin is a platelet inhibitor because it irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase, reducing the formation of thromboxane A2 which is crucial for platelet aggregation. Pradaxa (B) is a direct thrombin inhibitor, Heparin (C) is an anticoagulant that works by enhancing antithrombin activity, and Warfarin (D) inhibits the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Therefore, Aspirin is the only drug among the choices that directly inhibits platelet function.
Question 2 of 5
The client has hypertension. Which drug the client is taking has an effect on blood pressure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dyazide. Dyazide is a combination of two diuretics, hydrochlorothiazide, and triamterene, commonly used to treat hypertension by reducing blood volume and lowering blood pressure. Hydrochlorothiazide works by increasing urination to remove excess fluid and salt from the body, thus reducing blood volume and pressure. Triamterene helps maintain potassium levels. Metformin (B) is used to treat diabetes, not hypertension. Digoxin (C) is used to treat heart conditions. Warfarin (D) is an anticoagulant used to prevent blood clots, not to lower blood pressure.
Question 3 of 5
What does this represent?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Regular sinus rhythm. Sinus rhythm is characterized by a normal heart rate and regular rhythm originating from the sinoatrial (SA) node. In this ECG strip, there are consistent P waves preceding each QRS complex, indicating normal atrial depolarization and a regular ventricular response. The QRS complexes are also narrow, suggesting a normal conduction pathway. Sinus tachycardia (choice A) would show a fast heart rate, sinus bradycardia (choice C) would show a slow heart rate, and frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) (choice D) would show irregular heartbeats with wide QRS complexes.
Question 4 of 5
The client has several PVCs in a row on a standard EKG. What is this rhythm called?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ventricular tachycardia. In this scenario, the client experiencing several PVCs in a row indicates a rapid heart rate originating from the ventricles. Ventricular tachycardia is characterized by three or more consecutive PVCs at a rate exceeding 100 beats per minute. It is a serious arrhythmia that can be life-threatening if sustained. The other choices (A, C, and D) are incorrect because frequent PVCs do not necessarily indicate a specific rhythm, atrial tachycardia originates in the atria, and supraventricular tachycardia involves rapid heart rates originating above the ventricles.
Question 5 of 5
After the nurse teaches the patient about the use of carvedilol (Coreg) in preventing anginal episodes, which statement by a patient indicates that the teaching has been effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: 1. The statement "It is important not to suddenly stop taking the carvedilol" demonstrates understanding of the need for gradual tapering to prevent rebound effects. 2. Abrupt discontinuation of carvedilol can lead to worsening angina or potential heart complications. 3. This statement reflects patient's awareness of the importance of medication adherence for optimal therapeutic outcomes. Summary: A: Incorrect. Carvedilol does not make the heart muscle work harder; it reduces the workload on the heart. C: Incorrect. Shortness of breath is not a common side effect of carvedilol. D: Incorrect. Carvedilol works by reducing blood pressure and heart rate, not by directly increasing blood flow to the heart muscle.