ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client is having a standard electrocardiogram. The nurse knows that the QT segment represents what?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the QT segment on an electrocardiogram represents the total time for ventricular depolarization and repolarization. This segment includes the time from the beginning of ventricular depolarization to the end of ventricular repolarization. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the QT segment specifically reflects the electrical activity of the ventricles, not the atria. Additionally, choice D is incorrect as it only refers to ventricular depolarization, not the entire process of ventricular repolarization as well.
Question 2 of 5
Which statement made by a patient with coronary artery disease after the nurse has completed teaching about the therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC) diet indicates that further teaching is needed?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Switching to 1% milk (A) and incorporating salmon (B) are both heart-healthy choices. Moderate alcohol consumption like a glass of wine (C) is acceptable in TLC diet. However, peanut butter sandwiches can be high in saturated fat and should be limited in coronary artery disease diet, making choice D incorrect. Further teaching is needed to emphasize the importance of avoiding foods high in saturated fats.
Question 3 of 5
A patient recovering from a myocardial infarction (MI) develops chest pain on day 3 that increases when taking a deep breath and is relieved by leaning forward. Which action should the nurse take as focused follow-up on this symptom?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action is to auscultate for a pericardial friction rub (Choice C). This symptom of chest pain worsening with deep breaths and relieved by leaning forward is indicative of pericarditis, a common complication post-MI. Auscultating for a pericardial friction rub can help confirm this diagnosis. Assessing the feet for pedal edema (Choice A) is more relevant for heart failure. Palpating radial pulses (Choice B) is not directly related to the symptom described. Checking the heart monitor for dysrhythmias (Choice D) may not provide immediate insight into the specific symptom being experienced.
Question 4 of 5
Which assessment finding by the nurse caring for a patient who has had coronary artery bypass grafting using a right radial artery graft is most important to communicate to the health care provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pallor and weakness of the right hand. This finding suggests potential compromise of blood flow to the right radial artery graft, which is crucial for the patient's cardiac function. Pallor and weakness may indicate reduced perfusion, possibly due to graft occlusion or other complications. This warrants immediate attention from the healthcare provider to prevent further complications. Incorrect choices: A: Complaints of incisional chest pain - This is common post-surgery and may not indicate acute issues with the graft. C: Fine crackles heard at both lung bases - This could indicate a respiratory issue, but it is not directly related to the radial artery graft. D: Redness on both sides of the sternal incision - While redness could suggest infection, it is not as urgent as compromised blood flow to the graft, which requires immediate intervention.
Question 5 of 5
To improve the physical activity level for a mildly obese 71-yr-old patient, which action should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Determine what kind of physical activities the patient usually enjoys. Rationale: 1. By determining the patient's preferred physical activities, the nurse can tailor an exercise plan that the patient is more likely to adhere to. 2. Enjoyable activities increase motivation and compliance, leading to sustained physical activity levels. 3. Personalized approach considers the patient's interests and abilities, promoting a successful and sustainable exercise routine. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A. Stressing weight loss may be discouraging and overshadow the importance of overall health benefits of exercise. C. Setting a strict time limit may not be suitable for all older adults and can hinder individualized exercise plans. D. While warming up is important, it is not the most crucial initial step in developing a personalized exercise plan.