ATI RN
Med Surg Cardiovascular Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client is having a routine EKG. What should the nurse do as a priority intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tell the client to remain motionless. This is the priority intervention because moving during an EKG can lead to inaccurate results. By instructing the client to remain still, the nurse ensures the test is conducted accurately. Choice A is incorrect because EKG is a painless procedure. Choice C is incorrect as it is not the priority concern during the test. Choice D is incorrect as shaving the chest is not necessary for a routine EKG.
Question 2 of 5
Three days after experiencing a myocardial infarction (MI), a patient who is scheduled for discharge asks for assistance with hygiene activities, saying, “I am too nervous about my heart to be alone while I get washed up.” Based on this information, which nursing diagnosis is appropriate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Identify the key issue - patient is nervous about heart. Step 2: Analyze options - B is directly related to patient's anxiety. Step 3: B is appropriate as it addresses patient's emotional response to MI. Step 4: A is incorrect as weakness is not mentioned as a concern. Step 5: C is incorrect as denial is not explicitly stated. Step 6: D is incorrect as body image is not the main focus.
Question 3 of 5
Which electrocardiographic (ECG) change is most important for the nurse to report to the health care provider when caring for a patient with chest pain?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C - ST-segment elevation Rationale: 1. ST-segment elevation is a key indicator of myocardial infarction or heart attack, requiring immediate intervention. 2. Inverted P wave and first-degree AV block are generally benign findings and do not indicate acute cardiac issues. 3. Sinus tachycardia may be a normal response to stress or pain but does not specifically indicate myocardial infarction.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with diabetes mellitus and chronic stable angina has a new order for captopril . The nurse should teach the patient that the primary purpose of captopril is to
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Captopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor commonly used in patients with heart conditions. Step 2: In a patient with chronic stable angina, captopril primarily works to prevent changes in heart muscle by reducing cardiac workload and improving blood flow. Step 3: By preventing changes in heart muscle, captopril helps to reduce the risk of complications in patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic stable angina. Step 4: The other choices (A: decrease heart rate, B: control blood glucose levels, D: reduce frequency of chest pain) are not the primary purposes of captopril in this patient population, making them incorrect. Summary: The correct answer is C because captopril's primary purpose in this scenario is to prevent changes in heart muscle, while the other choices do not align with the mechanism of action and intended outcomes of captopril in this patient population.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client with PVD. The nurse should teach the client to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because inspecting feet weekly is crucial in PVD to monitor for any signs of infection, ulcers, or poor circulation. This can help prevent complications and promote early intervention. B: While exercise is beneficial, starting a walking program should be done gradually and under supervision to prevent injury. C: Wearing constrictive clothing can exacerbate circulation issues in PVD by restricting blood flow, leading to further complications. D: Standing for prolonged periods can worsen symptoms in PVD as it increases pressure on the legs, promoting blood pooling and discomfort. Sitting with legs elevated is usually recommended instead.