ATI RN
Med Surg Cardiovascular Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client is given a beta blocker. How does this help the heart?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: It decreases heart rate and the work of the heart. Beta blockers work by blocking the action of adrenaline on beta receptors in the heart, leading to a decrease in heart rate and the force of contraction. This helps the heart by reducing its workload and oxygen demand, making it more efficient. Incorrect choices: A: It increases preload - This is incorrect because beta blockers actually reduce preload by decreasing heart rate and myocardial contractility. C: It increases blood pressure - Beta blockers typically lower blood pressure by reducing heart rate and contractility. D: It can be used for ventricular tachycardia - While beta blockers can be used to manage certain types of tachycardias, they are not the first-line treatment for ventricular tachycardia.
Question 2 of 5
The client is taking an ACE inhibitor. For what reason might the client be taking this drug? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hypertension. ACE inhibitors are commonly used to treat hypertension by dilating blood vessels and reducing blood pressure. This drug works by blocking the production of angiotensin II, a hormone that constricts blood vessels. Therefore, it is an effective treatment for managing high blood pressure. Choice A (Frequent PVCs) and choice B (Atrial flutter) are incorrect because ACE inhibitors are not typically used to treat these conditions. Choice D (Diabetic nephropathy) is also incorrect as while ACE inhibitors are sometimes used to manage diabetic nephropathy due to their ability to protect the kidneys, it is not the primary reason for prescribing this medication in most cases.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the client’s medication list before giving IV heparin. What drug has a drug-drug interaction with heparin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Aspirin. Aspirin can increase the risk of bleeding when taken with heparin, which is also an anticoagulant. This combination may lead to excessive bleeding. Acetaminophen (A) does not have a significant drug interaction with heparin. ACE inhibitors (B) and Nitroprusside (C) are not known to have interactions with heparin that increase bleeding risk.
Question 4 of 5
The client is on a blood thinner and is experiencing tinnitus. Which drug is the client likely taking?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Warfarin. Warfarin is an anticoagulant that can lead to tinnitus as a side effect due to its impact on blood clotting. Pradaxa (A) and Heparin (C) are also anticoagulants but are less likely to cause tinnitus. Aspirin (B) is an antiplatelet drug and is not typically associated with tinnitus. Therefore, considering the client is on a blood thinner and experiencing tinnitus, Warfarin is the most likely culprit.
Question 5 of 5
The client is to start taking simvastatin for cholesterol reduction. What does the nurse say to educate the client about the drug?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: It should be taken at night. Simvastatin is more effective when taken at night because cholesterol synthesis peaks during the night. Taking it at night aligns with the body's natural rhythm and enhances its efficacy. Choice B is incorrect because there is no known interaction between simvastatin and orange juice. Choice C is incorrect because simvastatin can be taken with or without food, so an empty stomach is not necessary. Choice D is incorrect because there is no significant interaction between simvastatin and aspirin.