ATI RN
Med Surg Cardiovascular Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client is given a beta blocker. How does this help the heart?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: It decreases heart rate and the work of the heart. Beta blockers work by blocking the action of adrenaline on beta receptors in the heart, leading to a reduction in heart rate and contractility. This helps the heart by decreasing its workload and oxygen demand, making it more efficient. A: Incorrect. Beta blockers actually decrease preload by reducing the force of cardiac contraction. C: Incorrect. Beta blockers typically lower blood pressure by reducing heart rate and contractility. D: Incorrect. While beta blockers can be used for certain arrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation, they are not typically used for ventricular tachycardia.
Question 2 of 5
The client is taking an ACE inhibitor. For what reason might the client be taking this drug? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hypertension. ACE inhibitors are commonly prescribed to treat hypertension by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, resulting in vasodilation and decreased blood pressure. Explanation for other choices: A: Frequent PVCs - ACE inhibitors are not typically used to treat PVCs as they are more related to cardiac arrhythmias. B: Atrial flutter - ACE inhibitors are not the first-line treatment for atrial flutter, which is usually managed with antiarrhythmic medications or cardioversion. D: Diabetic nephropathy - While ACE inhibitors can be used to treat diabetic nephropathy by reducing intraglomerular pressure, it is not the primary indication for their use in this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the client’s medication list before giving IV heparin. What drug has a drug-drug interaction with heparin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Aspirin. Aspirin interacts with heparin by increasing the risk of bleeding due to their combined antiplatelet effects. Heparin is an anticoagulant, while aspirin is an antiplatelet agent. The combination can lead to excessive bleeding. A: Acetaminophen does not have a significant drug-drug interaction with heparin. B: ACE inhibitors do not have a direct interaction with heparin. C: Nitroprusside is not typically associated with a drug-drug interaction with heparin.
Question 4 of 5
The client is on a blood thinner and is experiencing tinnitus. Which drug is the client likely taking?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Warfarin. Warfarin is known to cause tinnitus as a side effect due to its anticoagulant properties affecting blood flow in the inner ear. Pradaxa (A) is less likely to cause tinnitus. Aspirin (B) can cause tinnitus but is not a blood thinner. Heparin (C) is not associated with tinnitus. In summary, Warfarin is the likely drug causing tinnitus due to its anticoagulant effects on inner ear blood flow.
Question 5 of 5
The client is to start taking simvastatin for cholesterol reduction. What does the nurse say to educate the client about the drug?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because simvastatin is more effective when taken at night, as cholesterol synthesis peaks in the early hours of the morning. This timing aligns with the drug's mechanism of action. Choice B is incorrect because simvastatin can be taken with any beverage, including orange juice. Choice C is incorrect because simvastatin can be taken with or without food. Choice D is incorrect because there are no interactions between simvastatin and aspirin.