ATI RN
Med Surg Cardiovascular Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client has symptomatic sinus bradycardia. Which is the drug of choice to treat this condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sinus bradycardia is a condition characterized by a slow heart rate. Atropine is the drug of choice as it acts as a muscarinic antagonist, increasing heart rate by blocking vagal stimulation. Quinidine, Adenosine, and Procainamide are not indicated for sinus bradycardia. Quinidine is an antiarrhythmic for atrial arrhythmias, Adenosine is for supraventricular tachycardia, and Procainamide is for ventricular arrhythmias.
Question 2 of 5
A patient who has had chest pain for several hours is admitted with a diagnosis of rule out acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Which laboratory test should the nurse monitor to best determine whether the patient has had an AMI?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cardiac-specific troponin. Troponin is a protein released into the bloodstream when there is damage to the heart muscle, such as during an AMI. It is the most specific and sensitive marker for diagnosing AMI. Myoglobin is not as specific to the heart and can be elevated in other conditions. Homocysteine is not a marker for acute myocardial infarction. C-reactive protein is a marker of inflammation and is not specific to AMI. Therefore, monitoring cardiac-specific troponin levels is the best indicator of whether the patient has had an AMI.
Question 3 of 5
Three days after experiencing a myocardial infarction (MI), a patient who is scheduled for discharge asks for assistance with hygiene activities, saying, “I am too nervous about my heart to be alone while I get washed up.” Based on this information, which nursing diagnosis is appropriate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Identify the key issue - patient is nervous about heart. Step 2: Analyze options - B is directly related to patient's anxiety. Step 3: B is appropriate as it addresses patient's emotional response to MI. Step 4: A is incorrect as weakness is not mentioned as a concern. Step 5: C is incorrect as denial is not explicitly stated. Step 6: D is incorrect as body image is not the main focus.
Question 4 of 5
Which electrocardiographic (ECG) change is most important for the nurse to report to the health care provider when caring for a patient with chest pain?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C - ST-segment elevation Rationale: 1. ST-segment elevation is a key indicator of myocardial infarction or heart attack, requiring immediate intervention. 2. Inverted P wave and first-degree AV block are generally benign findings and do not indicate acute cardiac issues. 3. Sinus tachycardia may be a normal response to stress or pain but does not specifically indicate myocardial infarction.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with diabetes mellitus and chronic stable angina has a new order for captopril . The nurse should teach the patient that the primary purpose of captopril is to
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Captopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor commonly used in patients with heart conditions. Step 2: In a patient with chronic stable angina, captopril primarily works to prevent changes in heart muscle by reducing cardiac workload and improving blood flow. Step 3: By preventing changes in heart muscle, captopril helps to reduce the risk of complications in patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic stable angina. Step 4: The other choices (A: decrease heart rate, B: control blood glucose levels, D: reduce frequency of chest pain) are not the primary purposes of captopril in this patient population, making them incorrect. Summary: The correct answer is C because captopril's primary purpose in this scenario is to prevent changes in heart muscle, while the other choices do not align with the mechanism of action and intended outcomes of captopril in this patient population.