ATI RN
Med Surg Cardiovascular Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client has paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. What is the drug of choice to treat this condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Adenosine. Adenosine is the drug of choice for treating paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) due to its ability to rapidly terminate the arrhythmia by blocking the AV node temporarily. It works by slowing down the conduction of electrical impulses in the heart. Flecainide (A) and Lidocaine (B) are antiarrhythmic drugs used for ventricular arrhythmias, not PSVT. Metoprolol (C) is a beta-blocker that can be used for long-term management of PSVT but is not the first-line choice for acute treatment.
Question 2 of 5
The client is to be given warfarin. What is a contraindication to giving this drug?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Thrombocytosis. Warfarin is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting clotting factors. Thrombocytosis, an elevated platelet count, increases the risk of clot formation, so giving warfarin can further increase the risk of bleeding. Mild thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) is a contraindication but not as severe as thrombocytosis. Lumbar puncture and history of eye surgery are not direct contraindications to warfarin use.
Question 3 of 5
The client is taking a glycoprotein IIB/IIIA receptor antagonist for the prevention of stroke. What drug is the client likely taking?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Abciximab. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists like abciximab are potent antiplatelet agents used for preventing thrombotic events like stroke. Abciximab specifically inhibits platelet aggregation by binding to the IIb/IIIa receptor. Plavix (A) and Ticlid (B) are antiplatelet drugs, but they work through different mechanisms and do not target the IIb/IIIa receptor. Aspirin (C) is also an antiplatelet agent, but it inhibits cyclooxygenase and is not a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist like abciximab.
Question 4 of 5
The client is taking gemfibrozil. What drug-drug interaction does the nurse tell the client about?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because gemfibrozil can potentiate the hypoglycemic effect of sulfonylurea drugs, leading to low blood sugar levels. This interaction is important to prevent hypoglycemia in patients taking both medications. Other choices are incorrect because gemfibrozil does not significantly affect digoxin levels (A), theophylline levels (C), or interact with cimetidine (D) in a clinically significant manner.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is assessing the client’s aortic valve. Where is the stethoscope placed to best hear the aortic valve?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Second intercostal space to the right of the sternum. This is where the aortic valve can best be auscultated. Step-by-step rationale: 1. The aortic valve is located in the second intercostal space on the right side of the sternum. 2. Placing the stethoscope at this location allows for optimal sound transmission of the aortic valve. 3. This area corresponds to the anatomical location of the aortic valve, making it the most accurate site for assessment. Summary of other choices: B: Second intercostal space to the left of the sternum - Incorrect as the aortic valve is on the right side. C: Fourth intercostal space to the left of the sternum - Incorrect, as this is the location for the mitral valve. D: Fifth intercostal space in the midclavicular line - Incorrect, as this is the location for the mitral valve.