ATI RN
Cardiovascular Test Bank Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client has hypertension. Which drug the client is taking has an effect on blood pressure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dyazide. Dyazide is a combination of two diuretics, hydrochlorothiazide, and triamterene, commonly used to treat hypertension by reducing blood volume and lowering blood pressure. Hydrochlorothiazide works by increasing urination to remove excess fluid and salt from the body, thus reducing blood volume and pressure. Triamterene helps maintain potassium levels. Metformin (B) is used to treat diabetes, not hypertension. Digoxin (C) is used to treat heart conditions. Warfarin (D) is an anticoagulant used to prevent blood clots, not to lower blood pressure.
Question 2 of 5
The client has several PVCs in a row on a standard EKG. What is this rhythm called?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ventricular tachycardia. In this scenario, the client experiencing several PVCs in a row indicates a rapid heart rate originating from the ventricles. Ventricular tachycardia is characterized by three or more consecutive PVCs at a rate exceeding 100 beats per minute. It is a serious arrhythmia that can be life-threatening if sustained. The other choices (A, C, and D) are incorrect because frequent PVCs do not necessarily indicate a specific rhythm, atrial tachycardia originates in the atria, and supraventricular tachycardia involves rapid heart rates originating above the ventricles.
Question 3 of 5
After the nurse teaches the patient about the use of carvedilol (Coreg) in preventing anginal episodes, which statement by a patient indicates that the teaching has been effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: 1. The statement "It is important not to suddenly stop taking the carvedilol" demonstrates understanding of the need for gradual tapering to prevent rebound effects. 2. Abrupt discontinuation of carvedilol can lead to worsening angina or potential heart complications. 3. This statement reflects patient's awareness of the importance of medication adherence for optimal therapeutic outcomes. Summary: A: Incorrect. Carvedilol does not make the heart muscle work harder; it reduces the workload on the heart. C: Incorrect. Shortness of breath is not a common side effect of carvedilol. D: Incorrect. Carvedilol works by reducing blood pressure and heart rate, not by directly increasing blood flow to the heart muscle.
Question 4 of 5
In preparation for discharge, the nurse teaches a patient with chronic stable angina how to use the prescribed short-acting and long-acting nitrates. Which patient statement indicates that the teaching has been effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: “I will stop what I am doing and sit down before I put the nitroglycerin under my tongue.” This response indicates understanding of the importance of resting before taking nitroglycerin to avoid potential side effects like dizziness or fainting. Choice A is incorrect as pulse rate monitoring is not necessary before taking nitrates. Choice B is incorrect as putting on a patch at the onset of chest pain is not recommended. Choice D is incorrect as the patch should not be removed before taking sublingual nitroglycerin.
Question 5 of 5
When caring for a patient who has just arrived on the telemetry unit after having cardiac catheterization, which nursing intervention should the nurse delegate to a licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Give the scheduled aspirin and lipid-lowering medication. This task is within the scope of practice for an LPN/LVN as it involves administering medications. LPN/LVNs are trained in medication administration and can safely give prescribed medications to patients. This intervention is crucial for the patient's post-cardiac catheterization care to prevent complications and promote recovery. Choice B is incorrect because assessing the catheter insertion site requires more specialized knowledge and skill, typically performed by a registered nurse or higher-level provider. Choice C involves patient education, which is usually the responsibility of the RN due to the complexity and importance of the information provided. Choice D involves titrating medications, which requires a higher level of assessment and decision-making that is typically within the RN's scope of practice.