The client has hypertension and is being treated with an ACE inhibitor. What vital signs would trigger the release of renin from the kidneys?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. A blood pressure of 145/95 would trigger the release of renin from the kidneys when a client is being treated with an ACE inhibitor. This is because this blood pressure reading indicates inadequate blood flow to the kidneys, leading to the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) to increase blood pressure by vasoconstriction and fluid retention. Choices A, C, and D do not directly relate to the release of renin and the RAAS system in the context of hypertension treatment.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Aspirin. Aspirin is a platelet inhibitor because it irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase, reducing the formation of thromboxane A2 which is crucial for platelet aggregation. Pradaxa (B) is a direct thrombin inhibitor, Heparin (C) is an anticoagulant that works by enhancing antithrombin activity, and Warfarin (D) inhibits the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Therefore, Aspirin is the only drug among the choices that directly inhibits platelet function.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) promotes the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin, which breaks down blood clots. Plasmin is an enzyme that dissolves fibrin, the protein meshwork that forms blood clots. This action helps in thrombolysis, which is the breakdown of blood clots. The other options are incorrect because TPA does not prevent platelet activation (Choice A), inactivate clotting factors (Choice B), or block the synthesis of clotting factors (Choice D). TPA specifically targets the breakdown of blood clots by promoting the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dyazide. Dyazide is a combination of two diuretics, hydrochlorothiazide, and triamterene, commonly used to treat hypertension by reducing blood volume and lowering blood pressure. Hydrochlorothiazide works by increasing urination to remove excess fluid and salt from the body, thus reducing blood volume and pressure. Triamterene helps maintain potassium levels. Metformin (B) is used to treat diabetes, not hypertension. Digoxin (C) is used to treat heart conditions. Warfarin (D) is an anticoagulant used to prevent blood clots, not to lower blood pressure.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Regular sinus rhythm. Sinus rhythm is characterized by a normal heart rate and regular rhythm originating from the sinoatrial (SA) node. In this ECG strip, there are consistent P waves preceding each QRS complex, indicating normal atrial depolarization and a regular ventricular response. The QRS complexes are also narrow, suggesting a normal conduction pathway. Sinus tachycardia (choice A) would show a fast heart rate, sinus bradycardia (choice C) would show a slow heart rate, and frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) (choice D) would show irregular heartbeats with wide QRS complexes.