The client has developed liver failure. Which of the following laboratory values would Nurse Irene expect to have alterations?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Clotting factors. Liver failure can lead to impaired synthesis of clotting factors, resulting in abnormal coagulation tests. A: Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine are more related to kidney function. C: Creatinine kinase is an enzyme related to muscle breakdown. D: C-reactive protein is a marker of inflammation and infection, not specific to liver function. In liver failure, alterations in clotting factors are commonly seen due to the liver's role in synthesizing these proteins.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C (15 seconds) as recommended by health authorities. Washing hands thoroughly for at least 15 seconds ensures proper removal of dirt, germs, and viruses. This duration allows for adequate friction and coverage of all areas of the hands, including between fingers and under nails. Option A (5 seconds) is too short and insufficient for effective cleaning. Option B (10 seconds) may not provide thorough cleaning, especially in challenging situations. Option D (30 seconds) is longer than necessary and may not offer additional benefits compared to 15 seconds. Therefore, option C is the most appropriate choice for proper hand hygiene.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C (18G) because a blood transfusion requires a larger gauge size to allow for the rapid flow of blood products without causing hemolysis. 18G provides a larger diameter for quick transfusion. Option A (23G) and D (25G) are too small for efficient blood flow. Option B (21G) is slightly larger but may still impede the flow rate compared to 18G, making it less optimal for blood transfusion.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A - Place the client in supine position Rationale: 1. When administering tube feeding to a client with a tracheostomy, the head of the bed should be elevated at least 30 degrees to prevent aspiration. 2. Placing the client in a supine position increases the risk of aspiration and compromises safety. 3. The supine position can lead to reflux of feeding contents into the trachea, causing respiratory complications. Summary of Incorrect Choices: B: Aspirating residual stomach contents is a standard practice to prevent overfeeding, not directly related to compromising safety. C: Determining tube placement is essential for safety, so this action does not compromise safety. D: Checking bowel sounds is unrelated to the administration of tube feeding to a client with a tracheostomy and does not compromise safety.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because encouraging fluid intake helps prevent urinary stasis and reduces the risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Adequate hydration promotes urine flow, preventing sediment buildup in the catheter. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Choice A is unnecessary and can introduce infection risk. Choice B is incorrect because disconnecting the drainage system can introduce infection. Choice D is incorrect because burning and irritation at the meatus are not normal and should be reported to healthcare providers for assessment and intervention.