ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client has a myocardial infarction and going into shock. What might be a medication to give to counteract shock in cases of myocardial infarction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dopamine. Dopamine is a vasopressor that helps increase blood pressure and cardiac output, which can counteract shock in cases of myocardial infarction. It improves blood flow to vital organs. Atropine (A) is used for bradycardia, not shock. Digoxin (C) and Adenosine (D) are not indicated for treating shock in myocardial infarction as they have different mechanisms of action.
Question 2 of 5
The client is taking a calcium channel blocker for an arrhythmia. What is a contraindication to giving the client this drug?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Wolff-Parkinson White syndrome. Calcium channel blockers can worsen the pre-excitation in patients with WPW syndrome, leading to rapid conduction through the accessory pathway and potentially causing ventricular fibrillation. A: Hypertension is not a contraindication for calcium channel blockers as they are commonly used to treat hypertension. B: First degree AV block is not a contraindication, as calcium channel blockers can be used cautiously in patients with conduction abnormalities. D: Glaucoma is not a contraindication to calcium channel blockers, as they are not known to exacerbate glaucoma.
Question 3 of 5
The client has a decreased cardiac output. Which things can increase the client’s cardiac output? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased heart rate. Increasing heart rate can help compensate for decreased cardiac output by improving the heart's efficiency in pumping blood. This allows for more blood to be pumped out of the heart per minute, ultimately increasing cardiac output. Decreased heart rate (choice A) would further decrease cardiac output by reducing the number of heartbeats per minute. Increased blood volume (choice C) can lead to increased preload and potentially worsen cardiac output in a compromised heart. Decreased venous return to the heart (choice D) reduces the amount of blood returning to the heart, which can also decrease cardiac output.
Question 4 of 5
The client is being taught about their warfarin. What does the nurse say about warfarin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (A): Warfarin antagonizes vitamin K, inhibiting the production of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X. This action leads to decreased blood clotting ability. Summary for Incorrect Choices: B: Warfarin is not an antiplatelet drug; it works by affecting clotting factors, not platelets. C: Warfarin does not cause fibrinolysis (breakdown of blood clots); it inhibits clotting factor production. D: Warfarin does not directly inactivate clotting factors; it interferes with their synthesis through vitamin K antagonism.
Question 5 of 5
The client is taking Ticlid and is anticipating surgery. What does the nurse advice the client to do about taking the Ticlid around the time of surgery?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ticlid should be withheld on the day of surgery. Ticlid is an antiplatelet medication that can increase the risk of bleeding during surgery. Withholding it on the day of surgery helps reduce the risk of excessive bleeding during the procedure. Choice B is incorrect because taking Ticlid on the day of surgery can increase the risk of bleeding complications. Choice C is incorrect because stopping Ticlid a month before surgery may not be necessary and can increase the risk of thrombotic events if the client has a history of cardiovascular issues. Choice D is incorrect because stopping Ticlid 7 days prior to surgery may not be sufficient to prevent bleeding complications during the procedure.