ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The client has a condition for which a beta agonist has been ordered. What condition might this be?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Supraventricular tachycardia. Beta agonists, such as medications like adenosine or beta-adrenergic agonists, can be used to treat supraventricular tachycardia by increasing heart rate. In this condition, the heart's electrical system malfunctions, causing a rapid heart rate. The other choices (A: Shock, B: Hypertension, C: Cardiac arrhythmias) are not typically treated with beta agonists. Shock is usually managed with fluids and medications to increase blood pressure, hypertension is often treated with medications that lower blood pressure, and cardiac arrhythmias may require antiarrhythmic medications, not beta agonists.
Question 2 of 5
The client is taking an ACE inhibitor. The nurse explains to the client that this drug acts how?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because ACE inhibitors block the conversion of renin to angiotensin II. This action helps dilate blood vessels, reduce blood pressure, and decrease sodium and water retention. Choice A is incorrect because calcium channel blockers, not ACE inhibitors, block calcium channels in blood vessels. Choice C is incorrect as ACE inhibitors do not have a direct positive inotropic effect on the heart. Choice D is incorrect because ACE inhibitors do not have a direct negative chronotropic effect on the heart.
Question 3 of 5
The client is to take IV heparin. What is a contraindication to giving the drug? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Uncontrolled bleeding. Heparin is an anticoagulant medication that can increase the risk of bleeding. Therefore, if a client has uncontrolled bleeding, giving heparin can exacerbate the situation and lead to severe bleeding complications. Deep vein thrombosis (A) is a condition where heparin is actually indicated to prevent clot formation. Thrombocytosis (C) is an elevated platelet count and is not a contraindication to heparin. Thrombocytopenia (D) is a low platelet count, which can increase the risk of bleeding with heparin but is not a contraindication on its own.
Question 4 of 5
The client is being switched from warfarin to Pradaxa. What does the nurse look for as an indication to give the Pradaxa?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Give the Pradaxa 2 days after stopping the warfarin. This is because Pradaxa does not require INR monitoring like warfarin. By waiting 2 days after stopping warfarin, the risk of overlapping anticoagulant effects is minimized, reducing the risk of bleeding. A: When the INR has normalized - This is incorrect because Pradaxa does not require INR monitoring. B: When the warfarin is stopped, the Pradaxa can be given - This is not ideal as immediate switch may lead to overlapping anticoagulant effects. C: When the INR is less than 2, you can give the Pradaxa - INR level is not a consideration for starting Pradaxa.
Question 5 of 5
The client is experiencing a drug-drug interaction with streptokinase and another drug. Which other drug can cause a drug- drug interaction with streptokinase?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Streptokinase is a thrombolytic agent used to dissolve blood clots. Step 2: Heparin is an anticoagulant that also prevents blood clot formation. Step 3: Both streptokinase and heparin can increase the risk of bleeding when used together due to their similar mechanism of action. Step 4: This interaction can lead to excessive bleeding and must be carefully monitored. Step 5: Cimetidine, theophylline, and digoxin do not have a known significant drug-drug interaction with streptokinase. Summary: Choice C (Heparin) is the correct answer because it can potentially cause a drug-drug interaction with streptokinase by increasing the risk of bleeding. Choices A, B, and D do not have a significant interaction with streptokinase.