The circadian rhythm is

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The circadian rhythm is the 24-hour cycle that regulates our sleep-wake pattern, hormone release, body temperature, and other physiological processes. It is governed by the body's internal clock. Choice A is incorrect as it oversimplifies the circadian rhythm. Choice B is incorrect as deep sleep is just one part of the sleep cycle, not the circadian rhythm itself. Choice D is incorrect as the circadian rhythm goes beyond just the day-night cycle, encompassing all bodily functions over a 24-hour period. Therefore, the correct answer is C, the 24-hour cycle that influences various biological processes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because dressing the weak side first allows for better support and easier movement during the dressing process. By putting clothing on the weak side first, the resident can use the stronger side to assist in dressing the weaker side, promoting independence and safety. This approach also minimizes strain on the weak side and reduces the risk of injury. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because putting clothing on the strong side first may cause imbalance, referring to the weak side as the bad side is disrespectful and stigmatizing, and stating that it does not matter which side clothing is put on first neglects the importance of considering the resident's needs and safety.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, reduced physical activity affects appetite. As people age, their metabolism slows down and they tend to become less active, leading to a decrease in appetite. This can result in the elderly not consuming enough nutrients, causing nutritional problems. A is incorrect because increased appetite is not a common issue for the elderly. C is incorrect because special diets for the elderly are designed to meet specific nutritional needs, not overwhelm them with too many choices. D is incorrect because the nutritional requirements and challenges for the elderly are different due to factors such as reduced absorption and changing dietary needs.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: To convert ounces to milliliters, we need to know that 1 ounce is approximately 29.5735 mL. So, 4 ounces x 29.5735 mL = 118.294 mL. Rounded to the nearest whole number, the resident consumed 120 mL. Choice A is incorrect as it miscalculates the conversion. Choice B is incorrect as it is too low. Choice C is incorrect as it overestimates the amount consumed.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale for correct answer (C): A lack of privacy and stress can affect urination as it can lead to inhibition of the relaxation response needed for the bladder to empty fully. Privacy and relaxation are crucial for efficient urination. Stress can also trigger the fight-or-flight response, causing the bladder muscles to contract and prevent proper voiding. Hence, C is the correct statement. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: A: Indwelling catheters can affect muscle tone as they may lead to muscle atrophy and loss of muscle tone in the pelvic floor. B: Fluids high in sodium may actually decrease urinary output due to increased retention of water in the body. D: The bladder's capacity decreases with age, leading to more frequent urination rather than less.