The child who draws a man with 2-4 parts, imitates construction of 2 lines longer, and helps with dressing has an age around

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) 30 months. This question assesses the child's developmental milestones related to fine motor skills and cognitive abilities. By 30 months, a child typically has the ability to draw a man with 2-4 parts, imitate the construction of 2 longer lines (which indicates improved fine motor coordination), and assist in dressing themselves. Option A) 24 months is too young for a child to demonstrate these specific skills consistently. At this age, children are still developing basic motor skills and may not have the precision required for drawing detailed figures or imitating complex shapes. Option C) 48 months and Option D) 54 months are both too old for the given milestones. By 48-54 months, children would be expected to have mastered these skills and moved on to more complex tasks. Educationally, understanding typical developmental milestones in children is crucial for educators, caregivers, and healthcare professionals. It helps in monitoring children's progress, identifying potential delays or concerns early on, and adapting teaching strategies to support each child's individual needs effectively. By recognizing these milestones, educators can provide appropriate activities and interventions to promote optimal development in young children.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) 24 lb 6 oz. The expected weight of a child can be estimated using the rule of doubling the birth weight by 6 months and tripling it by 1 year. Given that the baby weighed 8 lb 2 oz at birth, we can calculate the expected weight at 12 months by tripling the birth weight. A) 16 lb 4 oz: This option is incorrect because it only doubles the birth weight, whereas by 12 months, the weight is expected to triple. B) 20 lb 5 oz: This option is incorrect as it does not accurately reflect the expected weight gain of a child by 12 months. D) 32 lb 8 oz: This option is incorrect as it overestimates the weight gain of the child by 12 months based on the rule of tripling the birth weight. Educationally, understanding expected growth patterns in pediatric patients is crucial for healthcare providers to monitor their development accurately. By knowing these milestones, nurses can identify any deviations from the norm and intervene early if necessary to ensure optimal growth and development for the child. This knowledge is essential for providing holistic and effective pediatric care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Only the affected kidney will be removed. In the case of a child with Wilms tumor, which is a type of kidney cancer typically found in children, the standard treatment involves surgical removal of the affected kidney while preserving the healthy kidney whenever possible. This approach aims to effectively treat the cancer while maintaining kidney function and reducing the risk of complications like renal failure. Option B) Both kidneys will be removed is incorrect because removing both kidneys would result in complete loss of kidney function, leading to the need for dialysis or kidney transplantation to sustain life. This is an extreme measure reserved for specific conditions where both kidneys are severely compromised. Option C) Only the tumor mass will be excised is incorrect as Wilms tumor treatment typically involves removing the entire affected kidney to ensure complete removal of the cancerous tissue and reduce the risk of recurrence. Option D) The tumor is removed, and a biopsy of the unaffected kidney is done is also incorrect because in the case of Wilms tumor, the focus of surgery is on removing the affected kidney rather than performing a biopsy on the healthy kidney. Biopsies are usually done on suspicious tissues to confirm a diagnosis, not on healthy organs. In an educational context, understanding the appropriate surgical approach for Wilms tumor is crucial for healthcare providers working with pediatric patients. This knowledge ensures the best possible outcome for the child by following evidence-based treatment guidelines and preserving renal function whenever feasible. It also highlights the importance of tailored treatment plans based on the specific diagnosis and individual patient needs in pediatric oncology.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In a child with hepatitis, it is crucial to offer easily digestible and gentle foods to prevent further stress on the liver. Option B, clear liquids such as broth and Jell-O, is the most appropriate choice because these foods are light, easily digestible, and provide hydration without overloading the liver. Broth is rich in nutrients and helps maintain electrolyte balance, while Jell-O provides a source of energy without being too heavy. Option A, a tuna sandwich on whole-wheat bread and skim milk, may be too heavy and difficult to digest for a child with hepatitis. The protein in tuna and the fat in milk could strain the liver, which is already compromised due to hepatitis. Option C, a hamburger, French fries, and a diet soda, is high in fat, salt, and processed ingredients, which can be challenging for the liver to process and may exacerbate symptoms of hepatitis. Option D, a peanut butter sandwich and a milkshake, contains high-fat foods that may be difficult for a liver with hepatitis to metabolize. The rich content in peanut butter and milkshake can be taxing on the liver and should be avoided. Educationally, it is important for healthcare providers and caregivers to understand the dietary considerations for children with hepatitis to support the liver's recovery and overall health. Providing appropriate foods can help manage symptoms, promote healing, and prevent further complications in pediatric patients with hepatitis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) fathers. In cases of physical abuse towards children, research shows that fathers are more likely to cause serious injuries such as head or abdominal trauma. This is due to various factors including physical strength, aggression tendencies, and historical societal roles that have attributed more physical discipline to fathers. It is important to recognize this trend in order to effectively address and prevent child abuse. Option A) mothers are less likely to inflict serious physical injuries compared to fathers. While mothers can also engage in child abuse, severe physical harm is statistically more common with fathers. Option C) old brothers are not as commonly associated with serious physical abuse towards children as fathers are. Typically, older siblings may engage in rough play or minor conflicts, but the likelihood of causing serious injuries like head or abdominal trauma is lower. Option D) grandmothers are also less likely to inflict serious physical harm on children compared to fathers. While grandparents may play a role in caregiving, the statistics and research point towards fathers as being more prone to causing severe injuries. Educationally, understanding the patterns and risk factors of child abuse can aid healthcare professionals, educators, and social workers in early identification, intervention, and prevention strategies. By recognizing the higher risk posed by fathers in causing serious physical harm to children, appropriate support and resources can be directed towards at-risk families to ensure the safety and well-being of children.