ATI RN
Basics of Patient Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
The CHARTE method and SOAP method are two methods utilized by paramedics to complete the narrative portion of the patient care report. Which of the following is not a component of the CHARTE method?
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: The correct answer is E: Transport. In the CHARTE method, the components are Chief complaint, History, Assessment, Rx/Treatment, Transport, and Evaluation. Transport is not a component but rather a step in the patient care process. Chief complaint is the reason for the call, History is the patient's background, Assessment is the evaluation of the patient, Rx/Treatment is the actions taken, and Evaluation is the outcome. The other choices are incorrect because they are all integral components of the CHARTE method.
Question 2 of 5
A young man sustains a rifle wound to the mid-abdomen. The next, most appropriate step is to perform:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: a laparotomy. In trauma cases like this, immediate exploration of the abdomen via laparotomy is crucial to assess and control internal bleeding and injuries. It allows for direct visualization and repair of damaged structures, which is essential in life-threatening situations. Abdominal CT-scan (B) may provide detailed imaging but can delay necessary surgical intervention. Diagnostic laparoscopy (C) may not be suitable for unstable patients with significant trauma. Abdominal ultrasonography (D) may not provide sufficient information in cases of penetrating abdominal trauma.
Question 3 of 5
All of the following signs on the chest x-ray of a blunt injury victim may suggest aortic rupture EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Mediastinal emphysema. Aortic rupture typically presents with signs like presence of a "pleural cap," obliteration of the aortic knob, and deviation of the trachea to the right. Mediastinal emphysema is not a specific sign of aortic rupture but rather indicates air in the mediastinum, often seen in esophageal rupture or pneumomediastinum. Therefore, in the context of a blunt trauma victim, the presence of mediastinal emphysema is less suggestive of aortic rupture compared to the other signs listed.
Question 4 of 5
A young man sustains a gunshot wound to the abdomen and is brought promptly to the ED by prehospital personnel. His skin is cool and diaphoretic, and he is confuse His pulse is thready and his femoral pulse is only weakly palpable. The definitive treatment in managing this patient is to
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Control internal hemorrhage operatively. In this scenario of a young man with a gunshot wound to the abdomen presenting with cool, diaphoretic skin, confusion, thready pulse, and weak femoral pulse, these are signs of hemorrhagic shock. The definitive treatment for hemorrhagic shock is to control internal bleeding through operative intervention. This is crucial to prevent further blood loss and stabilize the patient's condition. Applying external warming devices (B) or pneumatic anti-shock garment (D) would not address the underlying issue of internal bleeding. Administering blood (A) is important but not the definitive treatment for hemorrhagic shock.
Question 5 of 5
Healthy young male in a motor vehicle crash has a BP of 84/60 and pulse 123. After fluid resuscitation, the next step is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Placement of a pelvic binder." In a trauma scenario with hypotension and tachycardia, the priority is to stabilize any potential sources of hemorrhage. Pelvic fractures can lead to significant blood loss, causing hypotension. Placing a pelvic binder helps stabilize the pelvis, reducing the risk of further bleeding and improving hemodynamic stability. This intervention should be done early in the management of trauma patients to prevent worsening shock. Transferring to a trauma center (B) can be considered after initial stabilization. Pelvic x-ray (C) may be needed for definitive diagnosis but is not the immediate priority. Inserting a urinary catheter (D) is not the priority in this scenario and can be delayed until after stabilizing the patient's hemodynamic status.