ATI RN
Neurological System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The change in electrical charge that occurs in a neuron when a nerve impulse is transmitted is known as the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An action potential is the rapid change in electrical charge that occurs in a neuron when a nerve impulse is transmitted. This process involves the depolarization of the neuron's membrane, where sodium ions rush into the cell, followed by repolarization, where potassium ions exit the cell. The action potential is the basis for neural communication and allows signals to travel quickly along the axon to the synapse, where neurotransmitters are released to communicate with other neurons.
Question 2 of 5
If an individual suffers a traumatic event and has a neurological disorder that means they may be unable to recall anything from the moment of the injury or to retain memories of recent events. This is known as:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anterograde amnesia refers to the inability to form new memories after the onset of amnesia, often due to brain injury or trauma. This condition severely impacts an individual's ability to retain information about recent events, while memories from before the injury may remain intact. It is commonly associated with damage to the hippocampus, a brain region critical for memory formation and consolidation.
Question 3 of 5
In most cases, when diagnosing a neurological disorder such as dementia, the clinician will endeavour to classify it according to its cause. Which of the following is a specific cause that has been identified?:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Neurological disorders like dementia can be caused by a variety of underlying conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, Pick's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia, characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Pick's disease is a rare form of dementia associated with frontotemporal lobe degeneration, while Parkinson's disease can lead to dementia due to the progressive loss of dopamine-producing neurons.
Question 4 of 5
An alternative approach to dealing with attention deficits is not to try and improve attention itself, but to provide the client with some compensatory skills that will allow them to effectively manage their slowed information processing. This is knwn as:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Time Pressure Management (TPM) is a therapeutic approach designed to help individuals with attention deficits manage their slowed information processing. Instead of focusing on improving attention directly, TPM teaches compensatory strategies, such as breaking tasks into smaller steps, prioritizing activities, and using external aids like timers or reminders. This approach helps individuals adapt to their cognitive limitations and improve their ability to complete tasks efficiently.
Question 5 of 5
The 'sodium-potassium pump' pumps ___________.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The sodium-potassium pump is a membrane protein that actively transports sodium ions out of the neuron and potassium ions into the neuron. This process requires energy in the form of ATP and helps maintain the resting membrane potential. By creating a concentration gradient of these ions, the pump ensures that the neuron is ready to generate action potentials and transmit nerve impulses efficiently.