ATI RN
Endocrine Review of Systems Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The bones, kidneys, and intestine are target organs of this calcium-regulator hormone.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: PTH. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulates calcium levels in the body by acting on bones, kidneys, and intestine. PTH stimulates release of calcium from bones, reabsorption of calcium in kidneys, and absorption of calcium in the intestine. T3 and T4 are thyroid hormones that do not directly regulate calcium levels. ACTH is adrenocorticotropic hormone that stimulates the adrenal glands. Oxytocin is a hormone involved in labor and lactation, not calcium regulation.
Question 2 of 5
Which of these is true of the endocrine system?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: The endocrine system secretes hormones that travel through the bloodstream to specific target cells. (Choice A) Step 2: These hormones regulate metabolic activities in the body. (Choice B) Step 3: The effects of hormonal actions can last for an extended period, leading to prolonged effects. (Choice C) Therefore, all the statements A, B, and C are true about the endocrine system, making choice D the correct answer. Other choices are incorrect as they do not encompass all aspects of the endocrine system's functions.
Question 3 of 5
The posterior pituitary stores and releases:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH). The posterior pituitary stores and releases oxytocin and ADH, also known as vasopressin. Oxytocin is involved in uterine contractions and milk ejection, while ADH regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the posterior pituitary does not store or release growth hormone or prolactin.
Question 4 of 5
The largest endocrine gland(s) that makes 3 hormones that affect the metabolism is the:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is the largest endocrine gland that produces 3 hormones (T3, T4, and calcitonin) that regulate metabolism. T3 and T4 control the body's metabolic rate, while calcitonin helps regulate calcium levels in the blood. The pancreas (A) primarily produces insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar levels. The adrenal glands (B) produce hormones like cortisol and adrenaline to regulate stress response. The pituitary gland (D) controls various other endocrine glands but does not primarily produce hormones affecting metabolism.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following hormones controls the production and release of glucocorticoids?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: ACTH. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is produced by the pituitary gland and stimulates the adrenal glands to produce and release glucocorticoids, such as cortisol. ADH (A) regulates water balance, GH (C) controls growth, and FSH (D) regulates reproductive functions. ACTH specifically targets the adrenal cortex to regulate glucocorticoid production, making it the correct choice in this scenario.