The birthweight usually quadruples by the age of

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) 2 yr. This question pertains to pediatric growth and development. By the age of 2 years, a child's birthweight usually quadruples. This rapid growth is a crucial indicator of healthy development during the early years of life. Option A) 1.5 yr is incorrect because by this age, a child's birthweight typically triples, not quadruples. Option C) 2.5 yr is also incorrect as by this age, a child's birthweight would have exceeded quadrupling. Option D) 3 yr is incorrect because by this age, a child's birthweight would have more than quadrupled, indicating further growth and development. Understanding pediatric growth milestones is essential for nurses taking the NCLEX-RN exam as it helps them assess a child's development, detect any potential issues early, and provide appropriate care and interventions. Monitoring growth parameters like birthweight helps healthcare professionals ensure children are progressing as expected and identify any concerns promptly.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is option D: "Related to underdeveloped judgment and impulse control in adolescence." This answer is correct because during adolescence, the prefrontal cortex of the brain, responsible for decision-making and impulse control, is still developing. This can lead to teenagers engaging in risky behaviors without fully understanding the consequences. Option A, "Typical of young teens," is incorrect because it generalizes all young teens as engaging in risky behavior, which is not always the case. Option B, "Related to hormonal surges during adolescence," is incorrect because while hormonal changes can influence behavior, the primary reason for risky behavior in teens is the underdeveloped brain functions. Option C, "An isolated incident that will not likely happen again," is incorrect because risky behavior in adolescents is often a pattern rather than a one-time event due to their brain development stage. Educationally, understanding the biological basis of adolescent behavior can help parents and caregivers support teens in making better decisions and guiding them towards safer choices. It is essential to provide adolescents with guidance, boundaries, and education on risk-taking behaviors to promote their safety and well-being during this developmental stage.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct response is C) Circumcision is an option but should be delayed, as the foreskin may be needed for surgical repair in a newborn with hypospadias. This answer is the best because in hypospadias, where the urethral opening is on the underside of the penis, the foreskin tissue may be used in surgical correction. Circumcision may remove this tissue needed for future surgeries to correct the condition. Option A is incorrect because circumcision is not contraindicated in all cases, especially in hypospadias where surgical repair may be necessary. Option B is incorrect as circumcision solely for preventing infection is not a primary indication in this scenario. Option D is incorrect because circumcision can be performed in a child with hypospadias but timing and consideration of surgical needs are crucial. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding specific considerations in pediatric conditions like hypospadias. It underscores the need for healthcare providers to be aware of the potential impact of procedures like circumcision on future treatment options and to provide accurate and patient-centered information to families.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is option A: A palliative procedure in which the bile duct is attached to a loop of bowel to assist with bile drainage. The Kasai procedure, also known as a hepatoportoenterostomy, is performed in infants with biliary atresia to establish bile flow from the liver to the intestine. This procedure is palliative, meaning it aims to improve symptoms and outcomes without curing the underlying condition. By attaching the bile duct to a loop of bowel, bile drainage is facilitated, helping to alleviate jaundice and prevent liver damage. Option B is incorrect because the Kasai procedure is not curative; it is palliative. Option C is incorrect because the bile duct is not banded during a Kasai procedure. Option D is also incorrect as it inaccurately describes the procedure as banded, which is not the case. In an educational context, understanding the purpose and nature of the Kasai procedure is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients with biliary atresia. Knowing that this procedure is palliative and aims to improve bile drainage can help nurses provide appropriate care, monitor for complications, and educate families about the expected outcomes of the procedure.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, option C, bruises over bony prominences, is the least likely suggestive of physical abuse in a 2-year-old boy. This is because bruises over bony areas such as knees or shins are common in toddlers due to their explorative nature and frequent falls. These bruises are often accidental and not indicative of abuse. Option A, bruises over the neck, can be concerning for abuse as it is an uncommon site for accidental bruising in children. Option B, looped extension cord marks on the body, indicates a specific pattern of injury that is highly suggestive of abuse. Option D, bruising of the torso, can also be concerning especially if there are specific patterns or multiple bruises in different stages of healing. Educationally, it is essential for nurses to be able to differentiate between accidental and abusive injuries in pediatric patients. Understanding the patterns and locations of bruises that are more likely indicative of abuse can help healthcare professionals intervene and protect vulnerable children. Recognizing these signs is crucial in advocating for the well-being of pediatric patients.