The bile acid-binding resins act by directly binding cholesterol and facilitating its excretion. This consideration is:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. Bile acid-binding resins work by binding bile acids in the intestine, not cholesterol directly. This binding leads to increased excretion of bile acids in feces and stimulates the liver to use more cholesterol to produce new bile acids, thus lowering blood cholesterol levels. Choice A is incorrect because bile acid-binding resins do not directly bind cholesterol. Choices C and D are incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the mechanism of action of bile acid-binding resins.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Acetazolamide (Diamox). Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, primarily used to treat glaucoma and altitude sickness. Carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and protons. By inhibiting this enzyme, acetazolamide reduces the production of aqueous humor in the eye and increases urinary bicarbonate excretion. Furosemide (B), Hydrochlorothiazide (C), and Spironolactone (D) are not carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and work through different mechanisms to treat conditions like hypertension and edema.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Erythromycin. Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic due to its macrocyclic lactone ring structure. Macrolides inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit. Neomycin (A) is an aminoglycoside, Doxycycline (B) is a tetracycline, and Cefotaxime (D) is a cephalosporin, none of which are macrolides. Thus, Erythromycin is the only drug among the options that belongs to the antibiotics-macrolides category.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Isoniazid is a first-line drug specifically used to treat mycobacterial infections like tuberculosis. 2. It works by inhibiting cell wall synthesis of mycobacteria. 3. Streptomycin, Rifampin, and Kanamycin are also used for mycobacterial infections, but they are effective against a broader range of bacteria. 4. Streptomycin targets protein synthesis, Rifampin inhibits RNA synthesis, and Kanamycin disrupts protein synthesis. 5. Therefore, choice A, Isoniazid, is the correct answer as it targets mycobacteria specifically.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because piperazine works by blocking acetylcholine transmission at the myoneural junction, leading to paralysis of helminthes. This impairs the ability of the worms to move and causes them to be expelled from the body. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Inhibiting microtubule synthesis and impairing glucose uptake is not the mechanism of action of piperazine. C: Inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation is not how piperazine works. D: Increasing cell membrane permeability for calcium leading to paralysis and death is not the mechanism of action of piperazine.