The big toe and thumb both have only two phalanges.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The big toe (hallux) and thumb each have 2 phalanges (proximal, distal), unlike other digits with 3. This is correct, making 'True' the answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The cranium, part of the skull, is located in the head, protecting the brain. The scapula is the shoulder, phalanges are fingers/toes, and tarsals are ankle bones, making 'Cranium' correct.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The patella (kneecap) is a sesamoid bone, embedded in the quadriceps tendon, enhancing leverage and protecting the knee. Flat, short, and irregular don’t apply, making 'Sesamoid' correct.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Arm side raises lift arms laterally (abduction) and lower them (adduction) using the shoulder’s ball-and-socket joint. Extension/flexion is forward/back, rotation is circular, making 'Abduction and Adduction' correct.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Osteocytes live in lacunae, cavities within osteon lamellae (compact bone) or trabeculae (spongy bone). Lamellae are layers, endosteum lines cavities, and trabeculae are spongy structures—not residences. Answer is D, per the document.