The best position for bowel elimination is

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Squatting and leaning forward. This position aligns the rectum with the anal canal, facilitating easier bowel movement. Squatting relaxes the puborectalis muscle, making defecation more efficient. Lying flat on the bed (A) does not promote proper alignment. Lying on the stomach (C) can cause strain. Sitting straight (D) can create an angle that makes elimination difficult.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Increase blood flow to pelvic area. A sitz bath involves sitting in warm water to promote blood flow to the pelvic region, aiding in healing and reducing discomfort. It does not directly aim to relax the resident (A), encourage breathing (B), or measure pulse (C). The primary purpose of a sitz bath is to improve circulation in the pelvic area, making option D the correct choice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Helping clear the lungs. An incentive spirometer is a device used to encourage deep breathing and improve lung function. By using an incentive spirometer, a patient can prevent lung complications such as atelectasis and pneumonia by promoting lung expansion and clearing secretions. This device helps to increase lung volume and improve oxygenation. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Increasing heart strength - an incentive spirometer does not directly impact heart strength. B: Strengthening back muscles - while deep breathing may engage some back muscles, the primary purpose of an incentive spirometer is not to strengthen back muscles. C: Opening nasal passages - an incentive spirometer is not designed to open nasal passages but rather to improve lung function.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: A shuffling gait. Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects movement. It often leads to a shuffling gait due to muscle stiffness and difficulty initiating movement. Choice B is incorrect because Parkinson's patients typically have stooped posture, not extremely straight posture. Choice C is incorrect as Parkinson's primarily affects movement, not memory. Choice D is incorrect as aggressive behavior is not a typical symptom of Parkinson's disease.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Regulate the amount of glucose available to the cells for metabolism. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells for energy production. This process is essential for maintaining stable blood sugar levels and ensuring cells have the necessary fuel for metabolism. A: Insulin does not directly regulate growth; its primary role is in glucose metabolism. B: Insulin does not specifically stimulate the growth of nervous tissue; its main function is related to glucose regulation. C: Insulin is not involved in triggering the fight or flight response; that is controlled by other hormones like adrenaline. In summary, choice D is correct because insulin's main function is to regulate the amount of glucose available to cells for metabolism, while the other choices are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the role of insulin.