ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The basic defect requiring treatment in RDS is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The primary defect in RDS is inadequate pulmonary gas exchange due to surfactant deficiency. The other issues may arise but are secondary to the primary problem.
Question 2 of 5
The physician orders tests to determine if a client has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which test result confirms SLE?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An above-normal anti-deoxyribonucleic acid (anti-dsDNA) test result confirms systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Anti-dsDNA antibodies are highly specific for SLE and are found in about 70% of individuals with the condition. These antibodies target the genetic material within the cell nucleus and are strongly associated with lupus nephritis, a severe complication of SLE. Therefore, an elevated anti-dsDNA test result would be a key indicator of SLE diagnosis.
Question 3 of 5
The critical period for the development of allergic rhinitis exists when the genetically susceptible individual is at greatest risk of sensitization in
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Early infancy is a crucial period for immune system development, during which exposure to allergens may lead to sensitization and subsequent allergic rhinitis.
Question 4 of 5
A classic example of type III (immune complex) reactions is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Serum sickness is a type III hypersensitivity reaction where immune complexes deposit in tissues, causing inflammation.
Question 5 of 5
Hyperkalemia without K+ excess occurs in:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In tumor lysis syndrome and leukocytosis, massive cell lysis leads to potassium release, causing hyperkalemia despite normal intake.