ATI RN
NCLEX Questions for Neurological System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The autonomic nervous system includes any of the following EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cerebral cortex is the correct answer because the autonomic nervous system (ANS) primarily consists of the hypothalamus, brainstem, and peripheral nerves, which regulate involuntary bodily functions. The cerebral cortex, however, is involved in higher cognitive functions and voluntary motor control, and is not part of the ANS.
Question 2 of 5
Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH):
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ADH is synthesized in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary via neurosecretion. Its secretion is increased by high plasma osmolarity or low blood volume. ADH increases water reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts by increasing their permeability to water.
Question 3 of 5
The effect of glucagon include:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 4 of 5
The following occur in response to a major surgery:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
A 30-year-old female presents with muscle weakness in the lower extremities and palpitations. Her symptoms have been progressively worse over the course of a 2 weeks. She reports to be in great health, but had a period of abdominal pain and diarrhea approximately 5 weeks ago. Her temperature is 98.9 deg F (37.2 deg C), blood pressure 117/82 mmHg, pulse is 102/min, and respirations are 16/min. On physical exam, there is 4-/5 muscle strength throughout the lower extremities. Bilateral patellar reflexes are 1+ and ankle reflexes are absent. Lumbar puncture was performed, and results are pending. Part 1: What is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient's presentation of progressive weakness, areflexia, and a history of recent gastrointestinal infection is classic for Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). GBS is an autoimmune disorder that often follows an infection and leads to demyelination of peripheral nerves. Polymyositis and myasthenia gravis do not typically cause areflexia, and hypokalemia would present with generalized weakness rather than a ascending paralysis.