The assessment made by the nurse caring for a patient just returned from surgery following a surgical decompression of the carpal tunnel that would require immediate remedy is:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Post-carpal tunnel surgery, normal recovery includes some swelling and pain, but a capillary refill of 8 seconds far beyond the normal 2-3 seconds signals impaired circulation, possibly from tight dressings or hematoma, demanding urgent action to prevent tissue damage. Swollen, warm fingers are expected initially and monitored, not immediately alarming. Pain is typical post-op and managed with medication. Rosy fingers suggest good blood flow, not a problem. Delayed refill stands out as a critical vascular issue, requiring prompt intervention like loosening bandages or notifying the surgeon to restore perfusion.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The origin is the muscle's tendon attachment to a stationary bone, while the insertion attaches to a movable bone, allowing movement when the muscle contracts. For instance, in the quadriceps, the origin is on the pelvis (stationary), and the insertion is on the tibia (movable), enabling knee extension. Origin, action and insertion, action misdefine the second term, as action is the movement, not an attachment. Insertion, origin reverses the correct order. Origin, insertion accurately reflects anatomical convention, making it the correct choice, as it defines the fixed and mobile ends critical to muscle function and motion.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A hernia is the protrusion of an organ (e.g., intestine) through a weakened structure that typically contains it, like the abdominal wall, as in an inguinal hernia. A goitre is thyroid enlargement, not a protrusion through a structure. A strain is muscle or tendon overstretching, and a sprain is ligament damage neither involves organ protrusion. Hernia precisely fits the definition, making it the correct answer, as it describes a common clinical condition where anatomical boundaries fail, distinct from other terms related to muscle, ligament, or glandular issues.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Nodding yes uses a first-class lever: the atlanto-occipital joint (fulcrum) sits between the effort (neck muscles like splenius) and load (head weight), like a seesaw. Second-class levers (e.g., calf raise) have the load between fulcrum and effort, not here. Third-class levers (e.g., biceps curl) place effort between fulcrum and load, unlike nodding. First-class lever is the correct answer, as it matches the neck's pivot mechanics, essential for understanding head movement in biomechanics.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Skeletal muscle drives actions under conscious control, like typing or breathing (when deliberate), by contracting and pulling tendons attached to bones. This enables precise, intentional movements across the body. Involuntary processes like digestion depend on smooth muscle, which operates automatically in organ walls, while blood pumping is the cardiac muscle's domain in the heart. Suggesting skeletal muscle controls most involuntary movements misattributes its voluntary nature smooth and cardiac muscles handle those. 'None of the above' ignores its evident function. Skeletal muscle's voluntary role, tied to its striated structure and nervous system integration, sets it apart, supporting posture, locomotion, and deliberate actions, contrasting with the autonomic functions of other muscle types, making it indispensable for willed physical activity.