ATI RN
Psychotropic Medication Quiz Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The area of the nervous system that is responsible for mediating reflexes is the:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Spinal cord. The spinal cord is responsible for mediating reflexes due to its role in processing and coordinating reflex actions. When a stimulus is detected, the spinal cord can generate an immediate response without involving the brain. This allows for rapid and automatic reactions to potential threats. The other choices, A: Medulla, B: Cerebellum, and D: Cerebral cortex, are not primarily involved in mediating reflexes. The medulla is responsible for vital functions like breathing and heart rate, the cerebellum is involved in coordination and balance, and the cerebral cortex is responsible for higher cognitive functions such as thinking and decision-making.
Question 2 of 5
During an assessment of the CNs, the nurse finds the following: asymmetry when the patient smiles or frowns, uneven lifting of the eyebrows, sagging of the lower eyelids, and escape of air when the nurse presses against the right puffed cheek. This would indicate dysfunction of which of these CNs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why the correct answer is B (Motor component of CN VII): 1. The symptoms described indicate facial nerve (CN VII) dysfunction. 2. Asymmetry when smiling/frowning, uneven eyebrow lifting, sagging eyelids are classic signs of CN VII dysfunction. 3. Escape of air when pressing on the cheek suggests weakness of the buccinator muscle innervated by CN VII. 4. CN IV (trochlear nerve) innervates the superior oblique muscle controlling eye movement, not facial expression (eliminate A). 5. CN XI (accessory nerve) innervates sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles, not facial muscles (eliminate C). 6. CN X (vagus nerve) controls the larynx and pharynx, while CN VII controls facial muscles (eliminate D). Summary: The correct answer is B because the symptoms align with facial nerve (CN VII) dysfunction, while the other
Question 3 of 5
The nurse places a key in the hand of a patient and he identifies it as a penny. What term would the nurse use to describe this finding?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Astereognosis. Astereognosis is the inability to recognize objects by touch alone. In this scenario, the patient is unable to correctly identify the key as a key, mistaking it for a penny. This indicates a deficit in tactile object recognition, which is characteristic of astereognosis. A: Extinction refers to the inability to perceive a stimulus on one side when a similar stimulus is presented on the other side simultaneously. This does not apply to the scenario described. C: Graphesthesia is the ability to recognize numbers or letters traced on the skin without visual input. This is not relevant to the patient's inability to identify the key by touch. D: Tactile discrimination involves the ability to differentiate between different textures or shapes using touch. This is not the issue presented in the scenario.
Question 4 of 5
To test for gross motor skill and coordination of a 6-year-old child, which of these techniques would be appropriate? Ask the child to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hop on one foot. This task assesses balance, coordination, and gross motor skills in a 6-year-old child. Hopping on one foot requires a combination of strength, balance, and coordination, making it an appropriate test for gross motor skills. Standing on the head (B) is not developmentally appropriate and poses a risk of injury. Touching finger to nose (C) tests fine motor skills, not gross motor skills. Making 'funny' faces (D) does not assess motor skills or coordination.
Question 5 of 5
A 78-year-old man has a history of a cerebrovascular accident. The nurse notes that when he walks, his left arm is immobile against the body with flexion of the shoulder, elbow, wrist, and fingers and adduction of the shoulder. His left leg is stiff and extended and circumducts with each step. What type of gait disturbance is this individual experiencing?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Spastic hemiparesis. This individual is displaying classic signs of spastic hemiparesis, a type of gait disturbance commonly seen after a cerebrovascular accident. The immobile left arm with flexion and adduction, along with the stiff and extended left leg that circumducts, are indicative of upper motor neuron damage affecting the corticospinal tract. This results in increased muscle tone, exaggerated deep tendon reflexes, and weakness on one side of the body. Scissors gait (choice A) is characterized by legs crossing over each other during walking and is typically seen in spastic diplegia. Cerebellar ataxia (choice B) presents with uncoordinated movements, wide-based staggering gait, and intention tremors, which are not present in this case. Parkinsonian gait (choice C) is characterized by shuffling steps, decreased arm swing, and festination, which do not match the symptoms described