The apt test is useful for diagnosis of

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Hemorrhagic disease of the newborn. The apt test, also known as the activated partial thromboplastin time test, is useful for diagnosing coagulation disorders by assessing the intrinsic pathway of the clotting cascade. In the context of pediatric nursing, this test is particularly important in newborns to detect conditions like hemorrhagic disease of the newborn, which is characterized by vitamin K deficiency leading to abnormal bleeding. Option A) Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC) is a condition where the body's clotting process is activated abnormally, leading to excessive clot formation and consumption of clotting factors. The apt test is not specific to diagnosing DIC, which typically requires a combination of tests looking at various clotting factors. Option B) Swallowed blood syndrome is not a recognized medical condition. There is no specific test associated with this term in clinical practice. Option D) Neonatal thrombocytopenic purpura involves a low platelet count in newborns, leading to a risk of bleeding. While the apt test may provide some information about the clotting process, it is not the primary test used for diagnosing thrombocytopenia. In pediatric nursing, understanding the indications and interpretation of coagulation tests like the apt test is crucial for providing safe and effective care to newborns and children with bleeding disorders. Recognizing the specific conditions for which these tests are useful helps nurses intervene promptly and appropriately to manage and treat these conditions, ultimately ensuring better outcomes for pediatric patients.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In pediatric nursing, understanding the normal progression of umbilical cord separation is crucial in identifying potential underlying abnormalities. The correct answer is C) 30 days. The umbilical cord typically falls off within 1-4 weeks after birth. If the cord persists beyond 30 days, it could indicate an underlying issue such as an umbilical granuloma, umbilical hernia, or an infection. Prompt evaluation and intervention may be necessary to prevent complications. Option A) 10 days is too early for the cord to have naturally separated, making it incorrect. Option B) 20 days is closer to the normal range but still early for consideration of an abnormality. Option D) 40 days is too late and could lead to delays in addressing any underlying issues. Educationally, this question reinforces the importance of monitoring umbilical cord separation in newborns. It highlights the significance of recognizing potential abnormalities and the need for timely intervention. Understanding these timelines and potential complications is essential for pediatric nurses to provide quality care to newborns and their families.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In pediatric nursing, understanding somatoform disorders is crucial for providing holistic care to children. The correct answer is A) recurrent abdominal pain. This symptom is often present during early childhood because young children may have difficulty expressing their emotions verbally and instead manifest psychological distress through physical complaints like stomach aches. Headaches (option B) and insomnia (option D) are more commonly associated with older children and adolescents. Neurologic symptoms (option C) are less typical of somatoform disorders in early childhood compared to recurrent abdominal pain. Educationally, recognizing age-related manifestations of somatoform disorders helps nurses differentiate between normal physical complaints and potential psychological issues in children. Understanding these nuances ensures appropriate assessment, intervention, and support for pediatric patients experiencing somatoform disorders.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this question from the Pediatric Nursing Test Bank, the correct answer is option A) asthma. Asthma is a medical condition associated with a high incidence of panic attacks due to the distressing nature of asthma exacerbations, which can mimic symptoms of panic attacks such as shortness of breath and chest tightness. Option B) rheumatoid arthritis, option C) common variable immune deficiency, and option D) sickle cell anemia are less likely to be associated with a high incidence of panic attacks compared to asthma. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the joints. Common variable immune deficiency is a primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by low levels of antibodies. Sickle cell anemia is a genetic blood disorder affecting red blood cells. Educationally, understanding the association between asthma and panic attacks is crucial for pediatric nurses as they care for children with asthma who may experience panic attacks during exacerbations. Recognizing the signs of panic attacks in children with asthma can lead to prompt intervention and improved outcomes. This knowledge enhances holistic care and promotes the overall well-being of pediatric patients.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In pediatric nursing, understanding the manifestations of mood disorders in children is crucial for providing effective care. In the case of a 9-year-old boy experiencing periods of mania alternating with depression, the hallmark of mania is a decreased need for sleep (Option D). This is because during manic episodes, individuals often experience heightened energy levels and decreased need for rest or sleep due to racing thoughts and increased activity. This symptom is particularly significant in children as it can impact their overall well-being and functioning. Excessive talking (Option A) and excessive giggling (Option B) are common behaviors seen in manic episodes, but they are not as specific or consistent as the decreased need for sleep. While racing thoughts (Option C) are also characteristic of mania, they are more subjective and may not always be observable by others. In an educational context, it is important for nursing students to understand the nuances of pediatric mood disorders to accurately assess and intervene in such cases. Recognizing the key features of mania, like a decreased need for sleep, can guide nurses in providing appropriate care and support to children experiencing these challenging symptoms.