ATI RN
Pediatric Endocrine Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The antimicrosomal antibodies noted in lymphocytic thyroiditis are central to its etiology but have been renamed
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Antimicrosomal antibodies are now called thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies, key in lymphocytic thyroiditis.
Question 2 of 5
You are evaluating a newborn baby with cleft palate; his mother asks you about any risk of associated congenital hypopituitarism. Of the following, this baby is MOST likely at risk for
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cleft palate is associated with midline defects, including congenital hypopituitarism, where growth hormone deficiency is common due to pituitary maldevelopment. Hypothyroidism (A) and hypogonadism (B) may occur but are less frequent; hypoprolactinemia (C) and ADH deficiency (D) are not typically linked.
Question 3 of 5
You are going to treat a 7-year-old boy with type 1 diabetes mellitus who develops DKA due to a recent infection. Examination reveals severe dehydration and deep acidotic breathing. Lab investigations shows: blood glucose, 450 mg/dL; blood pH, 7.2; and serum bicarbonate concentration, 14 mEq/L. Which of the following should be avoided during the treatment of this girl?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bicarbonate is generally avoided in DKA treatment unless pH is critically low (<6.9), as it may worsen cerebral edema or cause paradoxic acidosis. Lactated Ringer (A), glucose (B) later in treatment, insulin (D), and potassium (E) are standard components.
Question 4 of 5
The upper-to-lower segment ratio is one of methods for growth assessment that changes with age. Of the following, this ratio becomes 1:1 at the age of
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The upper-to-lower segment ratio decreases with age, reaching approximately 1:1 around 10 years as leg growth outpaces trunk growth, a normal developmental milestone.
Question 5 of 5
A 16-year-old boy has delayed puberty and absence of secondary sexual characteristics; he has decreased sense of smell. Examination reveals shortening of the fourth finger. MRI of the brain shows absence of the olfactory bulbs and sulci; abdominal ultrasonography shows absence of the right kidney. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Kallmann syndrome features hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, anosmia (absent olfactory bulbs), and may include renal agenesis or brachydactyly, matching this case. Other syndromes (A, C, D, E) lack this specific combination.