ATI RN
Immune System Test Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The annotation C refers to which DNA component?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chromosomal DNA. Chromosomal DNA refers to the DNA found in the chromosomes of an organism's nucleus, carrying the majority of its genetic information. In molecular biology, the annotation C typically refers to the chromosomal DNA of the organism being studied. Plasmid DNA (choice B) and vector DNA (choice A) are extrachromosomal DNA elements that are separate from the chromosomal DNA. Recombinant DNA (choice D) is a DNA molecule formed by combining DNA from different sources, which can include chromosomal, plasmid, or vector DNA. Therefore, the correct choice is C as it specifically refers to the chromosomal DNA component.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is taking care of a client with cancer and is teaching about the types of drugs that promote the natural production of blood cells in people whose own hematopoietic functions have become compromised. What class of drugs are these?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Colony-stimulating factors. Colony-stimulating factors are a class of drugs that stimulate the bone marrow to produce more blood cells, including white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. This is crucial for individuals with compromised hematopoietic functions, such as cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, as these treatments can suppress bone marrow function. Option A) Tumor necrosis factors are involved in inflammation and cell death processes, not in promoting blood cell production. Option C) Interferons are used in the treatment of viral infections and cancer, but they do not directly stimulate blood cell production. Option D) Interleukins are involved in immune regulation and inflammation, but they are not primarily responsible for promoting blood cell production. Educationally, understanding the role of colony-stimulating factors in promoting blood cell production is essential for nurses caring for patients with hematologic disorders or undergoing treatments that affect blood cell counts. Knowing the correct drugs to administer to support hematopoiesis can significantly impact patient outcomes and quality of life.
Question 3 of 5
What percent of clients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) will experience hypotension during a tilt table test,which can eventually be diagnostic for these clients?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and the immune system, understanding the diagnostic criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is crucial for healthcare professionals. The correct answer, B) 96%, is based on clinical research that indicates a high percentage of patients with CFS will experience hypotension during a tilt table test. This phenomenon is significant because it can help in diagnosing CFS, as orthostatic hypotension is a common feature in these patients. Option A) 60% is incorrect because it underestimates the prevalence of hypotension in CFS patients during a tilt table test. Option C) 80% is also incorrect as it does not accurately reflect the high frequency of hypotension observed in these individuals. Option D) 20% is incorrect as it suggests a much lower occurrence of hypotension in CFS patients, which does not align with clinical findings. Educationally, this question serves to highlight the importance of recognizing the physiological responses in CFS patients, particularly during diagnostic procedures like tilt table tests. It underscores the need for healthcare providers to be well-versed in the unique characteristics of CFS to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of these patients.
Question 4 of 5
A client with AIDS is experiencing bouts of diarrhea,anorexia,nausea and vomiting. Cryptosporidiosis is diagnosed and the nurse goes to hang the first antibiotic. Which type of macrolide antibiotic is the nurse going to hang?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) Azithromycin. In the context of treating Cryptosporidiosis in a client with AIDS, azithromycin is the preferred macrolide antibiotic due to its effectiveness against the parasite Cryptosporidium, which commonly causes gastrointestinal symptoms in immunocompromised individuals. Azithromycin has been shown to reduce the duration and severity of diarrhea in these patients. Option A) Humatin is not a macrolide antibiotic but rather a medication used to treat parasitic infections like amebiasis, not specifically Cryptosporidiosis. Option C) Penicillin is not effective against Cryptosporidium, as it is a bacterial infection and not a parasitic one. Option D) Ancef is a cephalosporin antibiotic and not a macrolide, making it an incorrect choice for treating Cryptosporidiosis. In an educational context, understanding the appropriate selection of antibiotics based on the specific pathogen causing the infection is crucial in pharmacology. This case highlights the importance of considering the underlying condition of the patient and the mechanism of action of the antibiotic when making treatment decisions. It also emphasizes the need for nurses to have a solid understanding of antibiotic classes and their indications to provide safe and effective care to patients.
Question 5 of 5
Your patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is taking prednisone (Deltasone) and naproxen (Alleve) to reduce inflammation and joint pain. Which of these symptoms is the strongest indicator that a change in therapy may be necessary?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) The patient has stools that are very dark in color. Dark stools indicate gastrointestinal bleeding, a serious side effect of NSAIDs like naproxen. This is a critical symptom that requires immediate attention and may necessitate a change in therapy to prevent further complications. Option A is incorrect as morning stiffness is a common feature of RA and not necessarily an indicator for changing therapy. Option B about dry eyes is more likely related to Sjogren's syndrome, which can coexist with RA but is not a strong indicator for changing therapy in this case. Option C refers to rheumatoid nodules, a common manifestation of RA but not a direct indicator for changing therapy. Educationally, it is crucial for healthcare providers to recognize and monitor for adverse effects of medications used in RA treatment, especially NSAIDs like naproxen. Understanding the significance of symptoms like dark stools can help prevent serious complications and optimize patient care. Regular monitoring and patient education on potential side effects are essential in managing RA pharmacotherapy effectively.