ATI RN
Chapter 14 Nutrition and Fluid Balance Questions
Question 1 of 5
The amount of sodium reabsorbed by the kidneys depends on the baroreceptor reflex and adjustments to glomerular
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. Sodium reabsorption in the kidneys is primarily regulated by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and not the baroreceptor reflex. The baroreceptor reflex primarily regulates blood pressure through changes in heart rate and vascular tone. Therefore, choice B is correct. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not provide accurate explanations related to the regulation of sodium reabsorption in the kidneys.
Question 2 of 5
Vasopressin is normally secreted when a deficit of water develops in the body.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Vasopressin is also known as antidiuretic hormone and helps regulate water balance by acting on the kidneys. Step 2: When the body detects a deficit of water, vasopressin is secreted to prevent water loss. Step 3: Therefore, the statement that vasopressin is normally secreted when a deficit of water develops in the body is true. Summary: Option A is correct because vasopressin is indeed secreted in response to water deficit. Options B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not provide the accurate explanation for the secretion of vasopressin in response to water deficit.
Question 3 of 5
H CO is a weaker acid than HCl because it dissociates faster. 2 3
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. The strength of an acid is determined by its tendency to donate protons, not by the speed of dissociation. HCl is a stronger acid than HCO3- because it completely dissociates into H+ and Cl- ions in water, while HCO3- only partially dissociates into H+ and HCO3- ions. Therefore, the statement that HCO3- is a weaker acid than HCl because it dissociates faster is incorrect. Choice A is incorrect because it does not consider the fundamental concept of acid strength. Choices C and D are not relevant to the question.
Question 4 of 5
Activity of the body's enzymes is affected only by acidosis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. Enzymes can be affected by various factors, not just acidosis. Enzyme activity can be influenced by pH, temperature, substrate concentration, and enzyme concentration. Acidosis, which is a condition of increased acidity in the blood and body tissues, can certainly affect enzyme activity, but it is not the only factor. Therefore, stating that enzyme activity is affected only by acidosis is incorrect. Choices A, C, and D are not the correct answer because they do not accurately reflect the relationship between enzyme activity and acidosis.
Question 5 of 5
The respiratory system can only partially counteract any deviations in body pH.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: TRUE. The respiratory system plays a crucial role in regulating the body's pH by controlling the levels of carbon dioxide in the blood through respiration. However, it can only partially counteract deviations in body pH because it cannot rapidly adjust to extreme changes. Other choices (B, C, D) are incorrect because the respiratory system does have a role in pH regulation, even though it is not the only system involved.